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  • IPEN-DOC 29577

    LEVY, DENISE ; VILLAVICENCIO, ANNA L. . A mega master interessante vida de uma pastilha de urânio. São Paulo, SP: Recanto das Letras, 2022. 56 p. (Ciência, tecnologia & inovação na vida cotidiana, 2).

    Notas de conteúdo: Versão impressa disponível para consulta na biblioteca do IPEN.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29576

    LEVY, DENISE ; VILLAVICENCIO, ANNA L. . A mega master interessante vida de uma manga irradiada. São Paulo, SP: Recanto das Letras, 2022. 60 p. (Ciência, tecnologia & inovação na vida cotidiana, 1).

    Notas de conteúdo: Versão impressa disponível para consulta na biblioteca do IPEN.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29575

    CASTRO, PEDRO ; PEREIRA, DAISA ; ANA, PATRICIA; MATOS, CHRISTIANO; ZEZELL, DENISE . Q-switched Nd:YAG laser on dental enamel with photoabsorber: a confocal Raman pilot study. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LASER APPLICATIONS IN LIFE SCIENCES, 16th, April 1-2, 2022, Nancy, France. Abstract... Nancy, France: PROGEPI, 2022. p. 120-120.

    Abstract: Nd:YAG lasers emitting = 1064 nm at microsecond and nanosecond pulses are alternatives to prevent dental caries and erosion in clinics. This wavelength allows most of photons to penetrate deep in the hard tissue due to low absorption of hydroxyapatite in the region. It is necessary to use photoabsorbers so most of photons are absorbed in the surface of the tissue preventing dental pulp necrosis. Currently the coal paste is used as a photoabsorber but the irradiated tissue turns darker what implies in the patients low adherence to the treatment due to aesthetic reasons. [1,2]. Confocal Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive optical method to obtain detailed information about molecular composition of biological structures in depth. The most prominent feature of Confocal Raman spectroscopy is the reliable capability to provide the biomolecular data with no use of ionizing radiation to penetrate in the sample. This work aims to characterize the dental enamel irradiated with Nd:YAG laser with nanoseconds pulses, in order to describe the depth related changes promoted in the enamel, by the heat generated due to laser irradiation. For these measurements, 30 bovine enamel blocks of 8 mm2, were randomized into 3 groups: G1 – enamel untreated; G2 – enamel irradiated with Nd:YAG nanopulsed laser (1064 nm, 4 W; 1,05 J/cm2; 5 ns 20 Hz, Brilliant, Quantel Laser) using a coal paste as photoabsorber; G3 -enamel irradiated with Nd:YAG nanopulsed laser ( same parameters as G2) using squid ink as photoabsorber. The assessments of three different depth regions of the cubic shaped samples were: region A- left corner above of the sample, region B-middle of the sample and Region C- right corner below of the sample. The intensity map of phosphate (950 cm-1) regarding the position, were calculated [3,4] as shown in the Figure 01. The comparative results in the Fig.1 demonstrated that application of coal paste associated with Nd:YAG (G2) can preserve the inorganic content better than the squid ink group (G3). These findings have crucial clinical implications in the laser protocol development and it was possible to correlate the heat penetration depth of the laser irradiation with photoabsorber using the images obtained by the confocal Raman.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29574

    DEL-VALLE, MATHEUS ; CARVALHO, MARCELO; SANTOS, MOISES ; PINTO, NATHALI; JATENE, FABIO; POMERANTZEFF, PABLO; BRANDAO, CARLOS; ZEZELL, DENISE . Evaluation of calcified mitral valves after Er,Cr:YSGG irradiation using Optical Coherence Tomography. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LASER APPLICATIONS IN LIFE SCIENCES, 16th, April 1-2, 2022, Nancy, France. Abstract... Nancy, France: PROGEPI, 2022. p. 148-148.

    Abstract: Mitral valve is responsible to control the left atrium-ventricle blood flux. Mitral stenosis is a disease that occurs in consequence of calcification and fibrosis on the cuspids of the valve. Diagnosis can be performed using echocardiography. Many treatments are possible, and one of them is commissurotomy (surgical approach). High intensity laser irradiation may be a new strategy for this surgical technique [1], and the optical coherence tomography (OCT) may contribute to the valve evaluation [2], as it provides higher spatial resolution in exchange of lower penetration than ultrasonography. In this way, the aim of this study is to evaluate laser irradiation effects in calcified mitral valves using OCT and digital processing. To that, it was conducted an ex-vivo study with four human mitral valves samples, obtained from valve replacement surgeries in the Heart Institute. The samples were split in four groups: scalpel cut, laser cut, scalpel debridement and laser debridement. Cutting and debridement procedures were performed in calcified regions of the valves, using a disposable scalpel blade and an Er,Cr:YSGG laser (Waterlase; Biolase Inc., CA, USA), emitting at 2780 nm. The laser parameters were set at power = 1.6 W, frequency = 20 Hz, energy density = 28.3 J/cm2, pulse duration = 700 μs, 15% of water and 15% of air. The imaging was performed using a spectral domain OCT system (Callisto110C1; ThorLabs Inc., NJ, USA). It was acquired 10 B-scans per sample, 5 in procedures regions and 5 in sound regions. The Optical Attenuation Coefficient (OAC) was calculated by comparing a beer-lambert like equation to exponential fittings of the A-scans [3]. The distribution and normality of variances were tested using Shapiro-Wilk test, and statistical comparison was performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc. All tests considered a level of significance of 5%. The Figure A shows a representative B-scan of a visibly calcified region, where a pattern of higher intensities can be observed. This pattern is related to morphological and optical changes, mainly a refractive index change, due to calcium presence in the valve tissue. This B-scan was acquired only to understand the calcified tissue aspect, as the procedures regions does not present visibly large calcium stones. The Figure B shows the statistical analysis, where the sound OAC values, as a mean of all sound regions, presented a significant statistical difference in comparison to scalpel groups, while no difference was presented in relation to laser groups. Higher OAC values are related to an augmentation of the light backscattering due to calcium refractive index, leading to a change of light propagation in tissue-calcium interfaces. This finding indicates that the laser procedures promoted a better removal of calcified tissue than the scalpel methods, which can be related to tissue-ablation interaction. Furthermore, the statistical difference between scalpel cut group and both laser groups suggests that the scalpel needs more wear interaction with the tissue, such as in the debridement procedure, being unable to significatively remove the calcification in a single cut. This study points the Er,Cr:YSGG and the OCT as potential techniques for the calcified tissue removal and evaluation, respectively, during mitral valves surgeries, although further studies with higher sample number must be performed.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29573

    ZEZELL, DENISE ; CASTRO, PEDRO ; DEL-VALLE, MATHEUS ; CAMILLO-SILVA, CARLOS ; SAMAD, RICARDO ; DE ROSSI, WAGNER ; SANTOS, MOISES . FTIR imaging on glass substrates evaluation of histological skin burn injuries specimens treated by femtosecond laser pulses. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LASER APPLICATIONS IN LIFE SCIENCES, 16th, April 1-2, 2022, Nancy, France. Abstract... Nancy, France: PROGEPI, 2022. p. 201-201.

    Abstract: Burn injuries continue to be one of the leading causes of unintentional death and injury in low- and middle-income countries [1]. Burns are considered an important public health problem, because in addition to physical problems that can lead the patient to death, they cause psychological and social damage. An estimated 180,000 deaths every year are caused by burns [2]. The use of infrared (IR) spectroscopy for studying biological specimens is nowadays a wide and active area of research. The IR microspectroscopy has proved to be an ideal tool for investigating the biochemical composition of biological samples at the microscopic scale, as well as its fast, sensitive, and label-free nature [3]. IR image spectral histopathology has shown great promise as an important diagnostic tool, with the potential to complement current pathological methods, reducing subjectivity in biopsy samples analysis. However, the use of IR transmissive substrates which are both fragile and prohibitively very expensive, hinder the clinical translation. The goal of this study is to evaluate the potential of discriminating healing process, in burned skin specimens treated with ultrashort pulses laser 3 days after the burn. This study is considering a previous paper [4], in which it analyzed only micro-ATR-FTIR spectra of a frozen sample point. The specimens were obtained from third degree burn wound. The wounds treatment were performed three days after the burn, and the animals were sacrificed 3 and 14 days post-treatment. Using coverslipped H&E stained tissue on glass from previous histopathological analysis and applying the analytical techniques PCA and K-means on N−H, O−H, and C−H stretching regions occurring at 2500−3800 cm−1 (high wavenumber region), were possible to discriminate burned epidermal and dermal regions from irradiated in same regions on sample. In the figures is shown the average spectrum at (a) day 3 and (b) day 14. , in both there were increase of burned+laser treated bands. The great potential of this study was to analyse coverslipped H&E stained tissue on glass, without compromising the histopathologist practices and contribute for clinical translation.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29572

    FAROOQ, SAJID ; DEL-VALLE, MATHEUS ; SANTOS, MOISES O. dos ; NASCIMENTO, SOFIA ; BERNARDES, EMERSON S. ; ZEZELL, DENISE M. . Breast cancer subtypes diagnostic via high performance supervised machine learning. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLINICAL SPECTROSCOPY, 12th, June 19-23, 2022, Dublin, Ireland. Abstract... 2022.

    Abstract: Aim: Breast cancer molecular subtypes are being used to improve clinical decision. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic imaging, which is a powerful and non-destructive technique, allows performing a non-perturbative and labelling free extraction of biochemical information towards diagnosis and evaluation for cell functionality. However, methods of measurements of large areas of cells demand a long time to achieve high quality images, making its clinical use impractical because of speed of data acquisition and dearth of optimized computational procedures. In order to cope with these challenges, Machine learning (ML) technologies can facilitate to obtain accurate prognosis of Breast Cancer (BC) subtypes with high action ability and accuracy. Methods: Here we propose a ML algorithm based method to distinguish computationally BC cell lines. The method is developed by coupling K neighbors Classifier (KNN) with Neighborhood Component Analysis (NCA) and NCA-KNN methods enables to identify BC subtypes without increasing model size as well additional parameters. Results: By incorporating FTIR imaging data, we show that using NCA-KNN method, the classification accuracies, specificities and sensitivities improve up to 97%, even at very low co-added scan (S_4). Moreover, a clear distinctive accuracy difference of our proposed method was obtained in comparison with other ML supervised models. Conclusion: For confirming our model results performance, the cross validation (k fold = 10) and receiver operation characteristics (ROC) curve were used and found in great agreement, suggest a potential diagnostic method for BC subtypes, even with small co-added scan < 8 at low spectral resolution (4 cm-1).

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  • IPEN-DOC 29571

    CASTRO, P. ; SILVA, C. ; ZEZELL, D. . Burn wound healing by infrared spectroscopy imaging: a pilot study. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CLINICAL SPECTROSCOPY, 12th, June 19-23, 2022, Dublin, Ireland. Abstract... 2022.

    Abstract: Aim: Burns are one of the major causes of morbidity and the most costly traumatic injuries worldwide1. The traditional techniques used to assess the biochemical events related to wound repair are laborious, time-consuming and require multiple staining. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the feasibility of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in order to monitor the progress and healing status of burn wounds. Methods : Third-degree burn injuries were induced on Wistar rats by water vapor exposure. Afterwards, biopsies specimen was extracted for further histopathological examination and IR imaging evaluation at 7 days. The spectral imaging was performed using a micro- FTIR equipment in transflection mode (MirrIR, Kevley Technologies), with a 32 x 32 FPA of 5.5 μm pixel size. All spectra data were baseline corrected and vector normalized. The preprocessing and image comparison was performed using Cytospec software (Cytospec, version 2.00.5)2. Results : The pairwise analysis was evaluated in the wavenumber region maps of 1200-1300 cm-1. The biomolecule band associated to collagen content (1200 – 1300 cm-1) was most prominent3 on the 7th day image in the post-burn that in healthy group. Conclusions : Therefore, our pairwise comparison revealed that metabolic activity induced by thermal injury increases the chemical activity associated to the healing progresses. Our findings show that FTIR spectroscopy has potential to identify the biochemical signatures induced by burn injury.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29570

    JANUARIO, ELIANE R. ; VAZ, JORGE M. ; SPINACE, ESTEVAM V. . Photocatalytic oxidation of methane coupling with hydrogen evolution from water over Au decorated Ga2O3 catalysts. In: CINE CONFERENCE, 3., 18-19 de outubro, 2022, Campinas, SP. Resumo... 2022.

    Abstract: Methane is a major constituent of natural gases and is an important source of carbon and hydrogen for the chemical industry. However, CH4 is one of the most stable molecule and high reaction temperatures are required to transform CH4 into more valuable chemicals [1]. In this work, we investigated the use of β-Ga2O3 loaded with Au nanoparticles (0.1–1.0%) as photocatalysts that were prepared 3 different methods: pre-formed NNTS; in-situ; and H2 reduction. The materials were characterized by XRD, UV-Vis, TEM, and Raman. The reactions were performed on a photocatalytic reactor with Hg lamp (450W, UV/A/B/C). CH4 gas was bubbled into H2O, Au/Ga2O3 in suspension and the products were identified by GC-MS and quantified by GC-FID/TCD using calibration curves. C2H6, CO2, H2 with minor quantities of C2H4, C3H8, C4H10, and CO were produced. The best performance was observed for the photocatalyst prepared with 0.03% of Au that produced 112 mol.gcat-1h-1 of C2H6 and 16.500 mol.gcat-1h-1 of H2.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29569

    CARMINATI, S.A. ; VAZ, J.M. ; SPINACE, E.V. . Photocatalytic coupling of methane over TiO2/WO3 heterojunction photocatalysts to enhance the production of ethane and hydrogen. In: CINE CONFERENCE, 3., 18-19 de outubro, 2022, Campinas, SP. Poster... 2022.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29568

    SILVAINO, PATRICIA F. ; SPINACE, ESTEVAM V. ; VAZ, JORGE M. . Development of noble metals/TiO2 photocatalysts for photocatalytic conversion of methane coupling with hydrogen evolution from water. In: CINE CONFERENCE, 3., 18-19 de outubro, 2022, Campinas, SP. Resumo... 2022.

    Abstract: Methane, the main component of natural gas (< 80%), is an expressive source of carbon and hydrogen, with large world reserves and can be used as raw material to produce petrochemicals and fuels; however, efficient CH4 conversion under mild conditions remains a challenge due to its low reactivity. In addition, the methane conversion coupled with water splitting, which is the purpose of this work, is quite interesting and desirable, due to the production of hydrogen in a more sustainable way. One of the alternative ways to convert CH4 under low temperatures is Heterogeneous Photocatalysis, which will be used in the present study. When a semiconductor photocatalyst absorbs light with a wavelength greater than or equal to its bandgap, electrons are photoexcited to the conduction band and holes (h+) are formed in the valence band, forming the so-called electron-hole pairs, which in turn can initiate various redox reactions (Figure 1). Solar Photocatalysis would be an ideal method to convert methane and produce hydrogen from water. In this project, photocatalysts with different compositions and morphologies will be developed based on noble metals nanoparticles (Pt, Pd, Au, Ag) supported on TiO2 P25. The final goal is to obtain more active photocatalysts to increase the quantum efficiency of the system.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29567

    MOREIRA, TATIANA M. ; ULRICH, JOAO C. ; GENOVA, LUIS A. . Adsorção em coluna de leito fixo com microesferas de alumina aplicadas no tratamento de efluente contendo metais pesados. In: ENCONTRO TÉCNICO AESABESP, 33.; CONGRESSO NACIONAL DE SANEAMENTO E MEIO AMBIENTE; FEIRA NACIONAL DE SANEAMENTO E MEIO AMBIENTE, 13-15 de setembro, 2022, São Paulo, SP. Anais... São Paulo, SP: AESABESP - Associação dos Engenheiros da Sabesp, 2022. p. 1-7.

    Abstract: Metais pesados estão entre os poluentes mais danosos para o meio ambiente e para o ser humano. Estão presentes em diversos processos industriais, exigindo tratamentos mais eficientes para que os efluentes gerados estejam em níveis aceitáveis antes do descarte. A adsorção é uma técnica amplamente empregada por sua eficiência e baixo custo. Neste trabalho foram confeccionadas pelo método de gelificação interna, microesferas de alumina porosa, pura e dopada com sílica, visando a otimização do tratamento do efluente aquoso contendo Zn, Ni e Mn, proveniente do processo de fosfatização tricatiônica de carrocerias empregado na indústria automotiva. As microesferas calcinadas a 600ºC e 700°C foram caracterizadas quanto à distribuição de tamanhos, área de superfície específica (BET), adsorção gasosa (BJH), difração de raios X (DRX) e microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Para o tratamento do efluente em coluna de leito fixo, preenchida com as microesferas, avaliou-se o efeito da vazão. A concentração dos metais pesados, ao longo dos ensaios, foi analisada por espectrometria de emissão ótica por plasma acoplado (ICP-OES). Como resultado, obteve-se mais de 90% de adsorção destes metais pesados, em regime de coluna de leito fixo, indicando alta eficiência das microesferas de alumina como adsorventes destes íons de metais pesados.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29566

    FERRAZ, RENATO R.N.; BARNABE, ANDERSON S.; QUONIAM, LUC; AQUINO, SIMONE . World panorama of sporotrichosis patent deposit and use of patent information for problem solving in underdeveloped countries scenario. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT, 18th, October 13-15, 2021, Online. Proceedings... São Paulo, SP: TECSI - FEA/USP, 2021. p. 1-15. DOI: 10.5748/18CONTECSI/PSE/DSC/6744

    Abstract: Sporotrichosis is a neglected disease occurring worldwide, described as an occupational risk disease, affecting farmers, gardeners, and agricultural workers. Patents have territorial restrictions, being valid only in countries that have granted a patent license, which allows their free reproduction in countries where protection has not been extended. The use of tools that extract, organize, analyze and allow the targeted selection of interest documents can contribute to solution of problems in technologically less developed countries. This study aims to analyze the main patents related to diagnosis of sporotrichosis on Espacenet, a patent base with more than 120 million documents, seeking to select free documents for exploitation, with low cost of reproduction, and that can be used to at least minimize problems related to sporotrichosis. Patent2net, an open-source patent collector, was used to search in Espacenet, a database with more than 120 million of patents, documents that will be freely applied in Brazil. We identify a Taiwanese patent related to a kit for rapid detection of Sporothrix infection, that can be freely manufactured Brazil and other underdeveloped countries. The technometric analysis performed with P2N can be replicated by any interested in search of technological solutions for numerous problems, especially in poor countries.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29565

    OTOMO, JULIANA I. ; GIMENEZ, MAISE P. ; ANDRADE, MARIANA N. de ; MONTEIRO, LUCILENA R. ; NASCIMENTO, LETICIA da S. ; BATAGLIA, HENRIQUE ; LEAO, PAULO H.B. ; CECILIO, PRISCILA de S. ; BERGAMASCHI, VANDERLEI ; COUTINHO, JOAO F. ; BUSTILLOS, JOSE O.W.V. . Optimizations on Lithium ion exchange separation and isotopic measurements. In: SIMIONATO, ANA V.C. (Coord.) IBEROAMERICAN CONFERENCE ON MASS SPECTROMETRY, 3rd, December 10-15, 2022, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Abstract... Campinas, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Espectrometria de Massas - BrMASS, 2022. p. 389-390.

    Abstract: Introduction: The Lithium-7 is of interest for nuclear application, being used for primary cooling of PWR (Pressurized Water Reactor) reactors [1]. An environmentally friendly technique is required to replace the Mercury amalgam technique used worldwide [1,2]. This work aims to present the preliminary results of the development of 7Li separation by ion exchange. Methods: A 120 mm x1.0 cm i.d. glass column filled with Dowex 50W-x16 resin was used. A total of 3.0 liters of 0.2 M CH3COOLi solution percolated the column in order to saturate and displace the formed band of 6Li and 7Li. Fractions were collected every 50 mL, then the resin was washed with 5M HNO3 and ultrapure water. The fractions were filtered and evaporated at 80°C, finally taken up with HNO3 1%. Samples were analyzed by ICP-OES – SPECTRO ARCOS. The fractions were analyzed by ICP-MS, model ELAN 6000 – SCIEX. For isotopic ratio measurement, with the parameters of gas flow of approximately 1.1 L min-1, RF 600 W, gas flow rate 1.2 L min-1, Peak Hopping mode, dwell time 80 and 480 for 6Li and 7Li (respectively), 50 sweeps per reading, 1 read per replicate and 10 replicates. Results: A total of 63 samples were collected from the separation experiment. The Li isotopic ratio measured for each fraction was assessed by ANOVA one-way considering the differences among fractions. A statistical significant difference was observed between the fraction 1 and the remainder fractions and the load solution. The remaining fractions showed an isotopic ratio around the natural abundance (6Li/7Li: 7.59%/92.41% = 0.082). The isotopic ratio of this sample indicated enrichment of 7Li of 0.92% in the fraction number 30. Conclusions: The method of ion exchange with Dowex 50W-x16 resin was efficient on 7Li separation and through ICP-MS method was able to measure the δ 84%₀ enrichment of the 7Li. The isotopic separation procedure via ion exchange is still being studied, however the results are promising.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29564

    ANDRADE, MARIANA N. de ; OTOMO, JULIANA I. ; GIMENEZ, MAISE P. ; NASCIMENTO, LETICIA da S. ; NASCIMENTO, HENRIQUE B. do ; LEAO, PAULO H.B. ; CECILIO, PRISCILA de S. ; FERREIRA, JOAO C. ; BERGAMASCHI, VANDERLEI S. ; BUSTILLOS, OSCAR V. . Sodium interference in lithium isotope ratio analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. In: SIMIONATO, ANA V.C. (Coord.) IBEROAMERICAN CONFERENCE ON MASS SPECTROMETRY, 3rd, December 10-15, 2022, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Abstract... Campinas, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Espectrometria de Massas - BrMASS, 2022. p. 380-381.

    Abstract: Introduction: Naturally occurring lithium consists of two stable isotopes, 6Li (7.591%) and 7Li (92.409%) and have applications in nuclear technology, pharmaceutical, automotive and geological research. Enriched 7Li isotope in LiOH form has been used as a pH regulator for Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) reducing corrosion in the primary water circuit [1-3]. The determination of lithium isotopic composition was analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry after ion exchange processes, which has been considered a promising technique for the separation of Li isotopes. One of the concerns in ICP-MS analysis is sodium interference. The presence of sodium in the lithium-containing sample has potential implications for the accuracy of isotopic ratio measurements. For this reason, a method is described for the study of sodium interference in 7Li 295,88%₀ and 303,30%₀ enriched solutions. Methods: For this study, the reference standard L-SVEC was used, it has an isotopic abundance of 92.409% for 7Li and 7.591% for 6Li (6Li/7Li ratio = 0.08251) and solutions enriched at 295,88%₀ (6Li/7Li ratio = 0.06661) and 303,30%₀ (6Li/7Li ratio = 0.06810) of 7Li. Concentrations of 50 μg L-1 of lithium were maintained for the solutions used and it was evaluated with the addition of 50, 100, 300, 450 and 1000 μg L-1 of sodium on the enriched samples suffered significant changes in their isotopic ratio. The ICP-MS used for the sample analysis was a PerkinElmer SCIEX Elan 6000. For the isotopic ratio measurement the parameters used was nebulizer gas flow of approximately 0.94 L min-1 , Radio Frequency (RF) 600 W, gas flow rate 1.2 L min-1 , Peak Hopping mode, dwell time 80 and 480 ms for 6Li and 7Li respectively, 50 sweeps per reading, 1 read per replicate and 10 replicates. Results: For this study, 24 samples were analyzed being divided into four sets of samples with 6 samples each set. The sets were composed of samples without addition of sodium and samples with addition of 50, 100, 300, 450 and 1000 μg L-1 of sodium. The first set of samples, composed of the 295,88%₀ enriched sample, had a standard deviation of 3.59✕10-4. The second set of samples, composed of the 303,30%₀ enriched sample, had a standard deviation of 2.63✕10-4. The third and fourth set of samples, composed of aliquots of the L-SVEC standard, obtained a standard deviation of 2.22✕10-4 e 2.54✕10-4, respectively. Showing that the addition of sodium did not significantly interfere in the ratio of lithium isotopes 6 and 7 according to standard deviation. Conclusions: Through the results obtained from the experiment, it was observed that the variation in the ratio between isotopes 6 and 7 of lithium was not significant for the results of analysis in ICP-MS. However, it should be noted that for the purposes of lithium isotope separation processes using ion exchange resins, the interference of sodium in the chromatographic separation needs to be evaluated.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29563

    TAPPIZ, BRUNO ; SILVA, PAULO S.C. da ; OSTERMANN, CAROLINE ; LIMA, NICOLE P. de ; ANDRADE, MARIANA N. de ; BUSTILLOS, OSCAR V. . Comparison of 238U mass fraction measured by ICP–MS and Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis techniques. In: SIMIONATO, ANA V.C. (Coord.) IBEROAMERICAN CONFERENCE ON MASS SPECTROMETRY, 3rd, December 10-15, 2022, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Abstract... Campinas, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Espectrometria de Massas - BrMASS, 2022. p. 237-238.

    Abstract: Introduction: Uranium is an element present in ambient air, water, soil and rocks [1]. The most abundant natural radioisotope of this actinide (238U) produces in its chain decay the radionuclide 222Rn [2], which is a tracer for atmospheric mixing and transport model validations [3]. The 238U activity concentration in superficial soil samples is a crucial parameter for some 222Rn flux map modeling methodologies [4]. Methods: In this study, 18 superficial soil samples were analyzed. The content of 238U was assessed using two techniques: (i) by the comparative method of the Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) [5] and by ICP–MS (ELAN 6000, PerkinElmer) [6]. Certified Reference Materials (CRM) SRM 1646a Estuarine Sediment and USG STM–2 were used both as comparators in the INAA technique and to ensure quality control. The normality and homoscedasticity of the data were evaluated. Finally, the Mann- Whitney U test [7] was used to assess whether or not there is a significant difference (α = 0.05) between the two techniques. Results: The z-score was calculated to ensure quality control. Z-scores values was obtained by the Modified Horwitz Equation [8], which takes into account the order of magnitude of the content of the analyte and is independent of the CRM uncertainties, unavailable for the CRM used. The z-score values obtained (n = 3) for the radionuclide 238U were 0.5 for the CRM USG STM–2 and -0.4 for SRM 1646a. The z-scores obtained are smaller than 2 therefore they are considered satisfactory [9]. Regarding the statistical parameters of the comparison between the techniques, the normality (Shapiro Wilk) was not verified (p = 0.02 for ICP-MS and p = 0.03 for INAA). The p-value for the test for equal variances (F test) was 0.71 Mann-Whitney U test was used instead of Student’s test due to the non-verification of the normality parameter in the data. The p-value from the Mann-Whitney test (0.51) indicates that there is no significant difference between the 238U content measured by the two techniques. Conclusions: Statistical analysis showed that there is no significant difference between the 238U mass fraction measured by the ICP–MS and the INAA – comparative method. In the future, certified reference materials will also be assessed by ICP–MS in order to corroborate this statistical comparison from a metrological point of view.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29562

    ROVELO, BEATRIZ S. ; OSTERMANN, CAROLINE ; WILLIAMS, JONATHAN; TAPPIZ, BRUNO ; ZANNONI, NORA; GUENTHER, ALEX; VEGA, OSCAR . Evaluation of two statements methods by TD-GC-MS/TOF to BVOCs concentrations above the Amazon canopy. In: SIMIONATO, ANA V.C. (Coord.) IBEROAMERICAN CONFERENCE ON MASS SPECTROMETRY, 3rd, December 10-15, 2022, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Abstract... Campinas, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Espectrometria de Massas - BrMASS, 2022. p. 235-236.

    Abstract: Introduction: Many biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are chiral, meaning they naturally occur as two mirror images of the same molecule. Past and current studies on chiral BVOCs have highlighted the existence of regiospecific patterns [1] and their variability with time of the day, season and height [2]. To better elucidate the role of the tropical forest as a source or a sink of chiral VOC was determined the concentration in two distinctive GC-MS/TOF methods in Amazon rainforest. Methods: Air samples were collected in the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO), located 150 km NE of Manaus, Brazil (02°08.752’S, 59°00.335’W) [3]. The site was chosen for having a tower enclosed into the canopy allowing it to measure above the canopy height. Samples were taken at 40m height during July/2019 and 2022 (wet season). The concentration of VOC in each sample was determined through GC-TOF-MS (Markes International, UK) at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry and at University of California Irvine with the same type of detector. The GC-TOF-MS in Germany [4] is equipped with a thermal desorption unit, a chiral column and a TOF MS which operates in tandem mode and the TD-GC-MS/TOF in the USA is equipped with just one column [5]. Results: Data obtained from the chiral method shows that the concentration of enantiomeric compounds must be different than the simple column method used by the same analyser and mass detector. Conclusions: The second column in addition to TD-GC-MS/TOF can allow the enantiomeric BVOCs identification related to the amount of concentration measured in the Amazon rainforest.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29561

    LEBRE, DANIEL T. ; THIPE, VELAPHI C. ; COTRIM, MARYCEL E.B. ; BUSTILLOS, JOSE O.V. . Sugarcane beyond the sweetness: one application in green chemistry. In: SIMIONATO, ANA V.C. (Coord.) IBEROAMERICAN CONFERENCE ON MASS SPECTROMETRY, 3rd, December 10-15, 2022, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Abstract... Campinas, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Espectrometria de Massas - BrMASS, 2022. p. 72-73.

    Abstract: Introduction: Sugarcane is a well known source or raw material to produce sugar, alcohol and bioethanol. Brazil is the world’s largest producer of sugarcane (Saccharum sp.), followed by India, China, and Bangladesh, all of which generate significant amounts of bagasse as a by-product of their sugar and bioethanol mills in each of these countries.1 The sugarcane bagasse (SCB) is a fibrous material remaining after the plant's stalk pressing process used to extract the sweet juice used for the industrial production of sugar and alcohol. SCB is one of the most economically viable and readily accessible agro-industrial residues in the world, particularly in tropical regions.2 Recently SCB has taken attention in scientific community, manly in chemistry, because exhibits strong biosorption capabilities, which are defined as the passive sorption of organic and inorganic substances in soluble or insoluble forms from an aqueous solution utilizing decomposing biological materials. Sarker at al. published a comprehensive study of the SCB biosorption properties and their application.3 The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the continued applicability of SCB as SPE biosorbent bed for extracting synthetic hormones (ethynylestradiol, drospirenone and levonogestrel) from pharmaceutical industrial effluent prior LC-MS/MS quantitative analysis. Methods: SPE: SCB 75 μm bed at a concentration of 50 mg was used to pack empty 1 cc (mL) SPE cartridges containing retained frits. To compare the outcomes of the recoveries, the following commercial (cSPE) were used: Oasis HLB 30 mg, 1 mL; Discovery DSC-18 50 mg, 1mL and Sulpeclean Envi-Carb, 100 mg, 1 mL. Conditioning: 1 mL of methanol and 1 mL of water; Load: 1 mL of sample; Wash: 2x 0.75 mL of water; Dry cartridge: under synthetic air flow; Elution: 2x 0.3 mL MeOH. Prior to LC-APCI-MS/MS analysis, the MeOH extracted sample residue was dried in 10 mL class assay tube under N2 gas flow at 40 ºC using and dissolved in 1 mL of 50% acetonitrile/50% water (v/v) solution. Results: The sorption effectiveness of the SCB bed was evaluated using the following experimental parameters in comparison to existing and commercially available SPE (cSPE) cartridges: (i) SCB re-use (recycling); (ii) load concentration variation; (iii) breakthrough (mass/volume capacity); (iv) pH variation; (v) extraction solvents variation (vi) particle size; and (vii) suitability for use in industrial effluent. The SCB SPE results (accuracy data ranged from 99% to 120%) were significantly acceptable for all the synthetic hormones compounds tested and analyzed in industrial effluent samples and comparable to Oasis HLB (benzene copolymer) SPE material and the others. Conclusion: Our overarching objective for developing SCB as SPE sorbent material for the analysis of synthetic hormones from industrial effluents has expanded the research area and/or application of SCB, which the biomass is often burnt to generate energy in the sugar and alcohol mills.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29560

    OSTERMANN, CAROLINE ; WILLIAMS, JONATHAN; ZANONNI, NORA; KESSELMEIER, JURGEN; TAPPIZ, BRUNO ; GUENTHER, ALEX; VEGA, OSCAR . Chiral BVOCs composition over the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest by TD-GCxGC-TOF/MS. In: SIMIONATO, ANA V.C. (Coord.) IBEROAMERICAN CONFERENCE ON MASS SPECTROMETRY, 3rd, December 10-15, 2022, Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Abstract... Campinas, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Espectrometria de Massas - BrMASS, 2022. p. 64-65.

    Abstract: Introduction: Many BVOCs are chiral, meaning they exist in two non-superimposable mirror image forms termed enantiomers. Enantiomers have identical physical properties, such as boiling point, density, and reactivity to atmospheric oxidants; however, they differ in their specific biological activity. Since most monoterpene measurements do not distinguish enantiomers, relatively little is known about the natural abundance and behavior of the chiral speciated molecules. Previous studies have reported regiospecific patterns across Tropical and Boreal ecosystems for α-pinene [1] and have used them as tracers of secondary processes in air and soil [2][3], highlighting the potential use of chiral compounds in air to decipher processes linking the biosphere with the atmosphere. To better understand the sources, dynamics and sinks of BVOC in the forest environment we have investigated chiral BVOC in the pristine Amazonian rainforest environment at Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) is located 150 km from Manaus/BR and in Atlantic Forest located in the Ecological Immigrant Park (PEI) at São Paulo/BR in 2019. Methods: Samples collected in 2019, were thermally desorbed, separated and analyzed through a Bench-TOF select (TD-GCxGC-TOF/MS tandem ionization-14eV and -70eV) from Markes International, UK. First, all samples through to Thermo-Desorption, that one we separated in two desorption: Primary one we use at the cartridges during 10 min in 250°C and in the second one is for trap during 10 min with 250°C. In the GC the column is Dimethyl TBS Cyclodextrin based so the oven was settled in 5 min at 40°C and 1.5°C/min during the temperature increase from 40°C until 150°C and then 30°C/min from 150°C until 200°C. Results: The VOCs and their chirals analyzed are: (-/+) α- Pinene, (-/+) Camphene, (-/+) β- Pinene, (-/+) Limonene, these chiral are of extreme importance because the fact of obtaining the same chemical composition, but different geometries the (-) and (+) differ in nature in their function/aroma, for example the ( -) α- Pinene is found in pine and (+) α- Pinene is found in eucalyptus, such as (-) Limonene emitted by orange and (+) Limonene emitted by lemon. The separation method was specifically designed for the separation of chiral monoterpenes (C H ) and sesquiterpenes (C H ). A chiral column is therefore needed to separate the two enantiomers, standard columns for GC-MS, comparing to an online PTR-MS would not allow enantiomeric separation. Conclusions: It was concluded that the ratio between the pairs of enantiomeric concentrations show a temporal and spatial variability. In forests not disturbed by humans, was found a significant amount of (-) α-Pinene, and due to human interference located in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, (+) Limonene was the BVOC with the highest concentration.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29559

    KIBRIT, EDUARDO ; MACHADO, ROGERIO J.; KRUGLIANSKAS, ISAK. Gestão da inovação sustentável: estudo de caso único em uma startup. In: SENHORAS, ELOI M. (Org.). Administração: Estudos Contemporâneos. Boa Vista, RR: Editora IOLE, 2022. p. 45-79, cap. 2.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29558

    NETO, A.B.C. . Risks to be considered in nuclear reactor decommissioning projects in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 4, p. 1-24, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.2111

    Abstract: In recent years, Brazil has intensified investments in nuclear innovation for peaceful purposes. Currently, in the country, there are six reactors in operation and three under construction. These reactors, at the end of their useful life, must be decommissioned, in a process that includes technical and administrative actions aimed at the partial or total removal of regulatory control, with a view of to the safety of the installation site, the health of employees, the public, and the protection of the environment. Thus, these activities involve risks that must be managed systematically, following the rules and guidelines established by responsible bodies. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) recently identified the need for practical guidelines for risk management in decommissioning projects and elaborated the publication “Management of Project Risks in Decommissioning” of the Safety Reports Series Nº 97. In Brazil, there is no experience in execution the decommissioning of nuclear reactors, thus, this work will present and analyze the main risks of nuclear reactor decommissioning projects in Brazil, using techniques from the risk assessment process of the ISO/IEC 31010 Standard, considering the wide international experience portrayed on the subject.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29557

    ARAUJO, M.M. ; REIS, F.C. ; ROMANO, J.I.S. ; ARTHUR, V.. Effects of gamma radiation on adults of Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Tribolium castaneum Herbst (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) collected in the retail trade in São Paulo/SP city. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 4, p. 1-12, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.2086

    Abstract: Brazil is one of the world's largest grain producers, and inadequate storage favors the appearance of pests. Among the most important insect species, the genus Sitophilus and Tribolium stand out. The constant use of chemical pesticides leads to the selection of resistant populations and the need to study different methods for integrated control. Considering these aspects, the present study aimed to evaluate the mortality of adult individuals of S. zeamais in brown rice and T. castaneum in wheat flour, collected on substrates sold in the retail trade in São Paulo/SP city, exposed to increasing doses of gamma radiation. The experiment was carried out at the Radiation Technology Center at the Institute for Energetic and Nuclear Research – IPEN/USP, the substrates with the specimens were irradiated with doses of 0 (control), 25, 50, 75, 100, and 200 Gy in a Cobalt-60 source, type Gammacell 220, at a dose rate of 0.903 kGy/hour. The experiment consisted of 4 replicates per treatment and each replicate 10 insects, in a total of 40 insects per treatment, and the statistical design was completely randomized. The dose of 75 Gy was sufficient to obtain 100% efficiency for S. zeamais, but the dose of 200 Gy did not reach satisfactory efficiency for controlling T. castaneum. Therefore, a dose of 400 Gy should be recommended for the control of these two insect species in their respective substrates.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29556

    FONTOLAN, A.F.A.M. ; SOUZA, C.D. de . Assessment of public perception of radioactivity in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 4, p. 1-19, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.2095

    Abstract: Nuclear energy divides public opinion with its “good” and “bad” applications. Almost immediately after the discovery of radiation, radioactive elements purified by the Curies were used in health treatments, but with the nuclear bombs of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the subject was marked by bad public opinion, being related to death and destruction. Nowadays, nuclear physics is used in many important fields, such nuclear medicine for the diagnosis and treatment of various types of diseases, but the prejudice and lack of knowledge of the general public has not yet improved its “fame”. This work proposes to change a little of this paradigm. Through a questionnaire, the public perception of radioactivity was evaluated. The most important result obtained is that the public is interested in learning about radiation and nuclear energy and is willing to change their negative views.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29555

    BORSOI, S.S.; BARONI, D.B.; MATTAR NETO, M. ; OLIVEIRA, P.S.P. ; MATURANA, M.C.. Risk-based design of electric power systems for non-conventional nuclear facilities at shutdown modes. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-17, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.2063

    Abstract: The work presents a methodology for assessing the safety of electrical system designs for non-conventional nuclear facilities in shutdown. The methodology adopts the core damage frequency as the main risk measure to assess the different architectures of power systems in a non-conventional nuclear facility. Among the reasons is the absence of a specific regulatory basis for this type of installation. The adoption of standards for nuclear power plants by non-conventional nuclear facilities does not take into account the functional and operational particularities of these installations, imposing criteria that are often overestimated, which can even lead to an increase in the financial risk for carrying out the projects. Safety probabilistic analyzes become essential tools for the facilities design and licensing. The modeling and quantification of systems failures in charge of ensuring the nuclear safety of non-conventional nuclear facilities are carried out in the CAFTA software environment. In these studies, the analysis of electrical system configurations and their influence on the overall risk of the installation stand out.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29554

    FERRARI, L.A. ; AYOUB, J.M.S. ; TAVARES, R.L.A.; SILVA, A.L.C.; SENEDA, J.A. . Must nuclear energy be increased on Brazilian energy mix in a Post-COVID-19 world?. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-20, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1920

    Abstract: This paper aims to discuss the convenience and feasibility of increasing the nuclear energy participation on the Brazilian energy mix, amid a national context of climate change, scarcity of natural resources necessary to baseload energy generation, particularly hydropower, discussions on a possible restart and expansion of Brazilian nuclear program, whilst the population still suffers socioeconomic impacts resulting from COVID-19 pandemic as well as the pre-pandemic economic crisis. The work proposes four analysis axes: environmental factors, economic, safety/legislation and technological aspects, and through bibliographic research in scientific articles published in journals, theses, dissertations, laws, regulations and international recommendations, it was possible, as a result of the research, to draw an optimistic overview of a possible future expansion of the Brazilian nuclear program, considering the advantages and challenges of using the nuclear alternative when compared to other energy sources.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29553

    CELESTINO, P.A.P. ; SORDI, G.M.A.A. . Study of radiation protection vestments for maintenance of mobile nuclear power plants. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-16, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1867

    Abstract: Most radiation exposure to personnel comes from inspection, maintenance, and repair within the reactor compartment. The objective of this paper was to discover the garment that, at the same time, presents the best result for the attenuation of ionizing radiation, as well as good ergonomics for the maintenance professional of mobile nuclear plants. For this, market research was carried out and, as a result, nine Radiation Protection Vestments (VPRs) were found, from five different manufacturers and from three countries, the United States, Japan and China; and which are feasible to be acquired. To choose the VPR, the optimization techniques of CIPR 55 were used: Multi-Attribute Utility Analysis and Multi-Criteria Outranking Analysis. Based on the information provided by the manufacturers, five attributes were chosen for comparison: protection cost, percentage of ionizing radiation attenuation, weight, discomfort, and surface decontamination of the vestment. To verify the robustness of the analytical solution, the values of the scaling constants were re-calculated, where it was observed that the analytical solution found is strongly influenced when the protection cost is changed, as it is the highest cost VPR among all those surveyed. The VPR chosen by both optimization techniques was the STEMRAD 360, which has the highest attenuation of ionizing radiation, as well as being the VPR with greater emphasis on ergonomics.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29552

    SILVA, T.P.; MATURANA, M.C.; OLIVEIRA, P.S.P. de ; MATTAR NETO, M. . External Events PSA: requirements applicable to new nuclear installations projects after Fukushima Daiichi accident. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-8, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1977

    Abstract: Since the Fukushima Daiichi accident, external events analysis has become a priority issue within regulatory bodies, operators, and designers, raising concerns about the capabilities of nuclear power plants to withstand severe conditions. Generally, the methodology applied to the Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) of external events consists of the identification of potential single and combined external hazards, screening of external hazards, analysis of site and plant response, analysis of initiating events and quantification of accident sequences probabilities. Therefore, in this paper, the requirements and other information on new nuclear installations projects necessary to implement a comprehensive PSA of external events throughout plant lifetime are evaluated. In addition, it is necessary to clearly identify all the resources that must be available to continuously expand PSA scope to include all types of initiating events, levels of analysis and plant operation modes.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29551

    FALOPPA, A.A. ; FAINER, G. ; FIGUEIREDO, C.D.R. ; CARVALHO, D.S.M. ; MATTAR NETO, M. . IEA-R1 renewed primary system pump B1-B nozzles stress analysis. Brazilian Journal of Radiation Sciences, v. 10, n. 3A, p. 1-14, 2022. DOI: 10.15392/2319-0612.2022.1892

    Abstract: The present report is a summary of the structural analysis of the pump nozzles applying the finite element method by using the Ansys computer program. The IEA-R1 RR is an open pool-type moderated and cooled by light water using beryllium/graphite as a reflector. The reactor can reach up to 5MW of thermal power cooled by the primary and secondary systems. The primary coolant system consists of a piping arrangement, a decay tank, two pumps, and two heat exchangers. The primary pump B1-B presented some failures requiring refurbishment by a new one. The pump used in the IEA-R1 must meet the requirements inherent to the nuclear installation, in addition to the operational requirements for rotating equipment, such as flow and pressure, and structural integrity of the body and nozzles. The supplier specified the type of pump suitable for the System. The pump furnished granted mechanical allowable loads for the nozzles that were lower than the loads imposed by the piping on the nozzles. To enable the installation of the pump in the primary circuit, new support was inserted in the piping system next to the pump minimizing efforts and deformations. A piping stress analysis was carried out to obtain the new efforts imposed on the nozzles. For validation of the motor pump set, a verification of the nozzles was done compared with API 610 standard loads, and the allowable loads of the provider. Finally, a structural analysis of the pump nozzles with the new loads was developed using the finite element method. The calculated stresses meet the limits prescribed by the ASME code; therefore, the new B1-B Pump is approved for operation at the IEA-R1 Nuclear Research Reactor primary circuit.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29550

    VASQUEZ, P.A.S. ; NAGAI, M.L.E. ; OLIVEIRA, M.J.A. ; OTUBO, L. ; SOMESSARI, E.S.R. . Preservation of photographic and cinematographic films by electron-beam irradiation. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACCELERATORS FOR RESEARCH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, May 23-27, 2022, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency - IAEA, 2022.

    Abstract: The Nuclear and Energy Research Institute – IPEN through the Multipurpose Gamma Irradiation Facility and the Electron Beam Irradiation Facilities has disinfected several tangible cultural collections from the University of São Paulo – USP. Brazilian weather conditions added to the actions of insects and fungi promote biodegradation especially in cellulose-based materials. In this sense, ionizing radiation is an excellent alternative to the traditional preservation process mainly because the biocidal action. Electron beam irradiation also presents new possibilities for processing materials with greater speed, despite having limited penetration. Adequate storage of photographic and cinematographic materials is a challenge for experts from preservation institutions. Contamination by fungi is one of leading causes of problem in this kind of collections. In addition, another common physicochemical degradation affecting cellulose triacetate films causing deacetylation of polymer chain is called “vinegar syndrome”. In this work are presented results of the effect of the electron beam irradiation on photographic and cinematographic films using an electron beam accelerator with energy of 1.5 MeV and beam power of 37.5 kW. Selected film samples were characterized by FTIR-ATR spectroscopy and FEGSEM-EDS microscopy. Samples were irradiated with absorbed dose between 2 kGy and 200 kGy. Irradiated samples were analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FEGSEM, thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results showed that disinfection by electron beam radiation can be achieved safely applying radiation absorbed doses between 6 kGy to 10 kGy with no significant change or modification of main properties of the constitutive polymeric materials. Electron beam irradiation, due to the effect of crosslinking is presented as an alternative to treat films affected by “vinegar syndrome” applying absorbed dose of 80 kGy in order to increase shelf life of cultural heritage materials.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29549

    CALVO, W.A.P. ; MUNHOZ, P.M. ; SOMESSARI, S.L. ; DUARTE, C.L. ; SPRENGER, F.E. ; FEHER, A. ; LAINETTI, F.F. ; GASPAR, R.R. ; NASCIMENTO, F.C. ; SILVA, L.G.A. ; HARADA, J. ; BRAGA, A. ; RODRIGUES, M.; SAMPA, M.H.O. . Electron beam processing to improve biodegradable polymers and for industrial wastewater treatment and recycling. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACCELERATORS FOR RESEARCH AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, May 23-27, 2022, Vienna, Austria. Abstract... Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency - IAEA, 2022.

    Abstract: Radiation technology has been used to control environmental pollution. The aim of these studies was to apply the electron beam radiation technology for controlling plastic pollution and environmental protection.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29548

    KOTANI, PALOMA O. ; FERRO, DAPHNE M. ; TAVARES, LAURA P. ; AFFONSO, REGINA ; ORTIZ, NILCE . Using TiO2-Diatomite for photodisinfection in contaminated wastewater. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 212-212.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The urban pressure reduced water availability and quality through the years, promoting the development of water treatment and disinfection processes such as the Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP). A highly efficient catalyst with Diatomite as biotemplate and solar energy can enhance hydroxyl radicals (OH) production for disinfection and pollutants degradation. Preliminary TiO2-Diatomite experiments with Escherichia coli provided valuable insights on its photodisinfection efficiency, legitimating its usage in the wastewater samples presented in this study. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the use of TiO2-Diatomite in photodisinfection process in contaminated wastewater. MATERIALS AND METHODS: TiO2 synthesis used titanium isopropoxide sol-gel process with Diatomite powder, the filtration step followed the mixed water suspension, and the drying process lasted overnight. The wastewater samples were collected from a household washing machine and 0.05 g of TiO2-Diatomite were added in the photodisinfection reactor. The total reaction lasted for 90 minutes in the solar chamber with all parameters controlled. The suspension aliquots were collected after 30 minutes of agitation and plated on LB agar at Petri plates. After incubation, the emerged colonies were counted through software (OpenCFU) and the data processed using R programming language. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) micrograph of TiO2-Diatomite presented enhanced surface area and microstructure obtained by biotemplate addition. The bacterial inactivation percentage was above 75 % for 1 hour of solar radiation exposure. Kinetics models indicated better correspondence with interparticle reaction. CONCLUSION: Photodisinfection kinetics studies provided more efficient bacterial inactivation with the addition of 0.05 g of TiO2-Diatomite in the sample. The study presents an affordable and sustainable treatment using a viable renewable energy source for application in distant areas with contaminated effluents with the addition of a reagent easily obtained by government agencies.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29547

    RAPOSO, BRUNO L.; SOUZA, SUEDEN O.; SANTANA, GLEYCIANE S. de; SARMENTO-NETO, JOSE F.; SANTOS, BEATE S.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. ; REBOUCAS, JULIO S.; CABRAL FILHO, PAULO E.; FONTES, ADRIANA. Biophotonic strategy associated with hexyl zinc porphyrin for inactivation of Candida spp.. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 271-271.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The genus Candida is among the most frequent fungal pathogens worldwide. The indiscriminate use of antifungals enables the spread of resistant strains, which have been associated with high morbidity and mortality. Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a promising technology to treat resistant Candida spp. infections. PDI occurs when light excites a photosensitizer (PS) leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Zn(II) porphyrins (ZnPs) present high efficiency for intracellular ROS generation and structural versatility for tailored lipophilicity and ionic character, modulating the bioavailability and interaction with cellular structures. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate the potential of ZnTnHex-2-PyP4+-mediated PDI to inactivate C. albicans and C. glabrata yeasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Candida yeasts (1×10^7 CFU/mL) were evaluated according to the groups: (i) control (without treatment); (ii) only ZnTnHex-2-PyP4+ (dark); (iii) only light (blue LED); and (iv) PDI (ZnP + light) using 10 min of pre-incubation. Different ZnP concentrations (0.15 to 1.25 μM) and light doses were firstly tested with C. albicans. Treated samples were diluted and seeded on Sabouraud agar for colony enumeration after incubation at 37 ºC for 24 h. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: C. albicans viability decreased with increasing ZnP concentration, achieving complete eradication at 0.8 μM and 3 min of irradiation (24.1 mW/cm²). PDI with 1.25 μM and 1 min of irradiation resulted in a 2 log10 reduction only, demonstrating the importance of light dose in microbial photoinactivation. PDI parameters were subsequently adjusted for inactivation of C. glabrata. Complete C. glabrata eradication was achieved with ZnP at 0.8 μM, and 3 min of irradiation, however, at a higher irradiance (38.4 mW/cm²). Groups treated with either light or ZnP alone did not affect Candida spp. viability. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the protocols used in this study were efficient for inactivating Candida spp. yeasts at sub-micromolar concentration ZnP and short irradiation times.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29546

    SILVA, CAMILA R. ; PEREIRA, SAULO de T. ; PRETTO, LUCAS R. de ; FREITAS, ANDERSON Z. de ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Photobiomodulation therapy as a radiosensitizer for triple-negative breast cancer. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 273-273.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Radiotherapy (RT) is an essential cancer treatment and is estimated that approximately 52% of oncological patients will be submitted to this technique once. However, some tumors, such as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), present radioresistance, demanding high doses of ionizing radiation (IR) and a prolonged period of treatment, which contributes to secondary malignancies due to deposition of dose in organs at risk and several side effects. Moreover, this subtype of cancer shows a high incidence of metastasis and decreases the survival expectancy of the patient. Thus, the search for new agents that can act as a radiosensitizer to improve the RT effects has been growing. Conversely, photobiomodulation therapy (PBM), which is a promising therapy with increasing adhesion in clinical practice, has been used to mitigate the adverse effects of RT. Indeed, recent studies have associated PBM with RT to combat cancer. OBJECTIVES: In this study, we used TNBC-bearing mice as a radioresistant cancer model to verify if PBM could act as a radiosensitizer MATERIALS AND METHODS: PBM was applied in two different protocols before the RT with a high dose (60 Gy fractioned in 4 sessions). We evaluated the tumor volume progression, animal clinical evolution, lung metastases by optical coherence tomography, and animal survival DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: Our data indicate that PBM before each RT session arrested the tumor volume, improved the clinical signals of the animals, reduced the nodules in the lung, and extended animal survival. CONCLUSION: In the light of the knowledge gained, our data indicate that PBM could act as a radiosensitizer.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29545

    PRATA, BEATRIZ A. ; SANTOS, CAROLINA M. dos ; AFFONSO, REGINA . Optimization of the process of expression in E. coli and purification of the catalytic sites of the ACE1 by the ELP-Intein system. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 220-220.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) is a fundamental part of the renin-angiotensin system; this has two domains, N- and C-, each of which has a catalytic site that exhibits 60% sequence identity. Its actions are in the control of blood pressure, protection of the brain by cleavage of beta-amyloid bodies, cell proliferation, formation of hematopoietic stem cells, among others. OBJECTIVES: Obtaining the catalytic sites Ala361 to Gly468 (N domain region, csACEN) and Ala959 to Ser1066 (C domain region, csACEC) in pure form and with their correct structural conformation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Expression conditions of pE1csACEN and pE1csACEC vectors in E. coli BL21(DE3) strain: cultures grown in Terrific Broth at 37⁰C at 140 rpm for 20–24 h and 0.1 mM IPTG. Purification by Elastin-like Polypeptide (ELP) precipitation: ELP-bound catalytic sites were purified with two ammonium sulfate precipitations (ASp). Remotion of ELP: by autocleavage of the Intein sequence using the buffers: sodium phosphate, sodium cacodylate, MES and Tris-HCl. The ELP/Intein was removed from the sample by ASp. The analyzes of all stages of the process were performed by SDS-PAGE and Dot blotting. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: The differential for obtaining the pure peptides was the temperature of 37⁰C, with a significant increase in expression concerning the cultivation of 16⁰C. In the ELP purification steps, ammonium sulfate buffer concentrations of 0.57 M and 0.8 M were the most efficient. Intein's self-cleaving was more efficient with MES buffers and Tris-HCl for ELPsACEN and ELPsACEC, respectively. Structural analysis by Circular Dichroism and Fluorescence confirmed the correct structure of the pure peptides. CONCLUSION: In the present work, we defined the most efficient conditions for expression, purification, and obtaining of ACE catalytic sites in pure form. The csACEN and csACEC peptides will allow greater assertiveness in obtaining and characterizing new hypertensive drugs and in the hydrolysis of substrates such as beta-amyloid.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29544

    CABRAL, FERNANDA V. ; SMITH, TERRY K.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Lipidomics analysis of Leishmania amazonensis following photoxidative stress. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 272-272.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is a well-known light-based technology that has been widely studied as an alternative approach to fight cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). APDT induces lipid peroxidation in cellular membranes due to the generation of oxidative stress OBJECTIVES: In this study, we evaluated the role of 1,9- dimethylmethylene blue (DMMB)-mediated APDT on a wild-type (WT) and a miltefosine-resistant (MF) strain of Leishmania amazonesis and analyzed several cellular processes to get insights into the underlying mechanisms of APDT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For this, APDT was carried out using red light (λ= 67012 nm) and promastigotes were exposed to different concentrations of DMMB at 8 J/cm2. Then, we measured mitochondrial potential and intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and analyzed quantitative lipidomics of the main phospholipid classes using electrospray-mass spectrometry. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: As a result, we observed overproduction of ROS, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, and a rapid lipid remodeling immediately after APDT. Of note, MF showed a higher content in levels of phosphatidylcholine (PC) as compared to the WT line before treatment, which suggests it could be also involved in the MF resistance mechanism. In addition, results showed that after APDT, PC levels were substantially decreased, while new phospholipid species of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) were increased. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, our data suggest DMMB-mediated APDT promoted a significant lipid peroxidation in the parasite's membrane of both strains, which failed to manage redox imbalance, thus resulting in cellular malfunction and death.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29543

    SEPULVEDA, ANDERSON F.; VOLLRATH-KUMPGDEE, MONT; FRANCO, MARGARETH K.K.D. ; YOKAICHIYA, FABIANO; ARAUJO, DANIELE R. de. Hyaluronic acid incorporation modulates rheological and drug release properties in Poloxamer-based hydrogels. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 254-254.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Synthetic polymer Poloxamer (PL) 407 (15% and 30% w/w) and binary formulation PL 407 15% + PL 338 15% (BF), with natural polymer hyaluronic acid 0.5% w/w, were designed as bupivacaine or ropivacaine thermosensitive release systems. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this work is to characterize structure and stability of drug delivery systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: These systems were characterized by calorimetry, rheology, SANS, and release profile. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: Calorimetry results demonstrated all formulations are stable at storage and physiological temperatures. PL 407 30% and BF systems are structurally more organized and with higher consistency (G’/G’’ ~ 50) at 37 °C and with lower gelation temperature (Tg ~ 14 °C) than PL 407 15% ones (G’/G’’ ~ 0.30 and Tg ~ 45 °C, respectively), however BFs have increased viscosity and slightly higher stiffness (G’/G’’ ~ 60) when compared to PL 407 30% formulations, due to more hydrophilicity of PL 338 chains than PL 407. Adding HA, it is observed enhanced viscosity but diminished consistency (G’/G’’ ~ 0.40). When a drug is incorporated, it is seen that it promotes increased interaction between chains. Although material alteration when incorporating HA or drug is observed, SANS results showed that the type of supramolecular structure is dependent on the concentration of Poloxamer. Systems with low concentration of Poloxamer have lamellar type, while formulations with 30% of Poloxamer have both cubic and hexagonal structures. In addition, PL 407 30% formulations undergo greater compression when bupivacaine is added (~ 29.7 nm at 25 °C and 37 °C). As drug release profiles showed, BFs release drugs in a more controlled way than other formulations. Moreover, HA hinders the release of both drugs. CONCLUSION: Thus, it is clear that the incorporation of more hydrophilic polymers is able to modulate the drug release rate according to the hydrogels rheological parameters.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29542

    OLIVEIRA, SORAIA B. de ; FERREIRA, LUANA da S. ; MARUMO, MARIA H.B. . Expression profile of zinc channels in human renal cell carcinoma after Temsirolimus treatment. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 364-364.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Zinc is an essential trace element for cell proliferation and growth. Cellular Zn is regulated of by ZnT and ZIP family channels but its mechanism still not completely understood. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most malignant renal tumors. The RCC clear cell pathological subtype is associated with the VHL gene mutation, that is responsible for its aggressiveness. Temsirolimus (TEM), an antineoplastic drug used in the treatment of RCC, is a selective inhibitor of mTOR. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the expression of zinc channels in clear cell renal carcinoma cell line with and without TEM treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium-bromide) assay was used define IC50. The expression of ZnT1, ZnT4, ZIP11 and ZIP14 channels from the HK-2, 786-0 and 786-0/TEM cells was evaluated by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: The IC50 dose was 10μM. Gene expression analysis comparing Hk-2 and 786-0 cell lines revealed decreased levels of ZnT1 of 79.20±3.58% (P< 0.0001 vs HK-2) and an increase for the ZIP 11 of 243.3±62.84% (P< 0.01 vs HK-2). The comparison between 786-0 with and without TEM treatment showed decreased levels of ZnT1 of 34.03±20.45% (P< 0.05 vs 786-0), ZnT4 of 92.82±0.72% (P< 0.0001vs 786-0), ZIP14 of 11.24% (P< 0.01 vs 786-0) and ZIP11 of 95.96±0.54% (P< 0.0001 vs 786-0). Western blot data corroborated the real time results. CONCLUSION: There is a difference in the Zn channel expression profiles between HK-2 and 786-0. The treatment with TEM modulates the expression of these channels.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29541

    TEIXEIRA, LUIZ F.S. ; BELLINI, MARIA H. . Evaluation of angiogenic capacity of human adenocarcinoma cell line knockout for NF-ĸΒ1 protein. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 415-415.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common adult renal epithelial cancer. The most frequent subtype of RCC is clear cell (ccRCC). Most of ccRCC patients have a mutation in the Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene. The VHL gene encodes a protein, the VHL, which can up-regulate a series of intracellular proteins, including the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF). The transcription factor NF-кB is increased in the ccRCC. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of the NF-кB1 gene knockout on the VEGF and IL6 expression in the human RCC cells under normoxia and hypoxia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The CRISPR/Cas-9 technique was used to obtain 786-0 cells knockout for the NF-кB1 protein. Western Blot assay was used to selected the clones. A hypoxia-inducing humid chamber was used and its effectiveness was validated its effectiveness was certified by the analysis of HIF-2α expression levels. The quantification of VEGF and IL-6 levels was measured using Real Time-PCR and MILLIPLEX assay. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: The VEGF gene expression in the clones was significantly lower than that presented by the control both in normoxia (786-0-sg1 99.68±0.09%, 786-0-sg2 78.55±0.85%, 786-0-sg3 91.70±0.87%) and in hypoxia (786-0-sg1 98.30±1.49%, 786-0-sg2 75.21±4.14%, 786-0-sg3 98.44±0.18%). The expression of IL-6 gene was also significant lower in normoxia (786-0-sg1 49.03±0.80%, 786-0-sg2 76.59±12.43%, 786-0-sg3 66.98±10.89%) and in hypoxia (786-0-sg1 95.85±0.36%, 786-0-sg2 96.45±0.49%, 786-0-sg3 91.08±1.42%). The MILLIPLEX results show that there was a significant reduction of both VEGF and IL-6 in the culture medium of cells knocked out in normoxia and hypoxia compared to control group. CONCLUSION: Suppression of p50 expression in the clones resulted in the reduction of VEGF and IL6 in both conditions. The reduction in the IL-6 relative expression hypoxia/normoxia demonstrates a change in cellular responsiveness to decreased levels of oxygen.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29540

    FERREIRA, LUANA da S. ; OLIVEIRA, SORAIA B. de ; BELLINI, MARIA H. . Effect of the hypoxia on the expression of zinc transporters in renal adenocarcinoma cell line. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 366-366.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a tumor responsible for about 1 to 3 % of all malignancies. The most common histological variant is the clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC), representing about 45% of all cases of RCC in adults. ccRCC is associated with the VHL gene mutation. The loss of the VHL protein prevents the degradation of HIF subunits, which are involved in critical oncogenic pathways. Zinc is an essential trace element and its cellular homeostasis is regulated by zinc transporters such as ZIPs and ZNTs. The profile of their expression in renal tumor is still unknown. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the expression profile of zinc transporters in ccRCC in normoxia and hypoxia culturing conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 786-0 tumor cells were cultured in hypoxic conditions inside a hypoxia chamber with an oxygen absorber to the atmosphere of 1% O2, 5% CO2, and 94% N2, and placed in an incubator at 37°C for 24 hours. The Altair PRO Single-Gas Detector was used to measure the percentage of O2. For gene expression analysis, RTq-PCR was used and the results were analyzed by the Delta-Delta ct method. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: VEGF and HIF2a expression in 786-0 cells were evaluated to confirm the efficacy of hypoxia chamber. There was a significant increase in the VEGF expression of 312.8±2.14% (P< 0.0001) and HIF2a of 593.4±57.21% (P< 0.0092). Besides that, the gene expression analysis revealed a downregulation in the hypoxic environment of the channels ZNT9 of 71.41±0.84% (P< 0.0001), ZIP1 of 17.45±3.68% (P< 0.0418), ZIP4 of 76.3±9.75% (P< 0.0054) and ZIP10 of 44.96±4.31% (P< 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The hypoxia modulates the expression of Zn channels in 786-0 cells indicating that such channels play a role in the pathophysiology of ccRCC.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29539

    SALVEGO, CAMILA de A. ; CABRAL, FERNANDA V. ; SEABRA, AMEDEA B.; SANTANA, BIANCA de M.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Cytotoxic effects of chitosan nanoparticles containing S-nitrosoglutathione in triple-negative breast cancer cells. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 237-237.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer affecting women worldwide. Among the treatments, radiation therapy (RT) is frequently chosen as a primary strategy; however, it demands high doses of ionizing radiation to achieve a curative dose. To enhance RT effectiveness, an external agent can be used to sensitize cells before the treatment, allowing a dose reduction. Nitric oxide (NO) is an essential molecule linked to several organic processes, besides being described as a potential radiosensitizer of tumor cells by different mechanisms, including oxidative stress. However, NO have a short half-life in biological conditions, making it difficult to achieve anticancer effects. To overcome this, NO donors can be encapsulated into polymer-based nanoparticles, ensuring a sustained NO releasing. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the cytotoxicity induced by chitosan nanoparticles containing S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO-CS NPs) in 4T1 cells (murine triple-negative breast cancer). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cells were cultivated, seeded in 96-well plates (2 x 10 4 cells/well), and incubated at 37ºC with 5% of CO2 for 24 h. Both CS NPs and CS NPs containing GSNO encapsulated were added to the plates at different concentrations (0-2.4 mg/ml CS NPs, 0-6 mM GSNO) and incubated for 24 h. Cytotoxic effects were evaluated through Resazurin fluorometric assay in both groups. DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: Our results showed a 65% reduction in cell viability for GSNO-CS NPs groups treated at 6 mM, while only 30% of cells were killed when treated by CS NPs group. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that GSNO-CS NPs were able to promote cytotoxicity effects, thus inducing oxidative stress in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Next steps involve the use of these nanoparticles before RT to evaluate its radiosensitizer effect.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29538

    CABRAL, FERNANDA ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Photodynamic therapy towards inactivation of miltefosine-resistant Leishmania amazonensis. In: ANNUAL MEETING OF THE BRAZILIAN SOCIETY FOR BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (SBBq), 51st; CONGRESS OF BRAZILIAN BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (SBBf)/LATIN AMERICAN FEDERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETIES (Lafebs), 46th, September 5-8, 2022, Águas de Lindóia, SP. Abstract... São Paulo, SP: Sociedade Brasileira de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular - SBBq, 2022. p. 271-271.

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a chronic disease developed by Leishmania parasites that promotes destructive lesions. The emergence of drug-resistant parasites has been related to the misuse of drugs, being a major threat to global health. Although antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) has been reported as an attractive treatment against a broad spectrum of drug-resistant pathogens, the use of APDT against drug-resistant Leishmania parasites has never been explored. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to explore the effects of methylene blue-mediated APDT (MB-APDT) on promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of two different strains of Leishmania amazonensis, a wild-type (WT) and a miltefosine-resistant cell line (MFR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes were treated at different concentrations of miltefosine. Regarding APDT, we used a red LED (λ= 660±22 nm) at 20 mW/cm 2 and two MB concentrations. Parasites were exposed to radiant exposures of 0 to 25 J/cm 2 .DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: The miltefosine concentration necessary to reduce 50% (EC50) MFR promastigotes was found to be 5.6-fold higher than that of the WT strain. Amastigotes were even more resistant, and the concentration needed to effectively kill MFR was not able to be calculated once it was toxic to health macrophages. Differently, both promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes were susceptible to MB-APDT. Indeed, promastigotes were equally susceptible to treatment regardless of the MB concentration. EC50 calculated for the light dose delivered was nearly 3 J/cm2, which corresponds to an exposure time of 150 s. Surprisingly, amastigotes of MFR were more susceptible to MB-APDT at 50 μM MB concentration, and the light dose necessary to reduce 50% of resistant parasites was half of that of the WT strain (2.3 J/cm 2 and 4.7 J/cm 2 , respectively). CONCLUSION: These results indicate that MB-APDT could be a promising treatment to overcome the global issue of antileishmanial drug resistance in CL.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29537

    FUNGARO, DENISE A. ; IZIDORO, JULIANA de C. . Circular economy in the sugarcane agroindustry: bagasse-fly-ash-based zeolite. In: PLANETARY HEALTH ANNUAL MEETING, October 31 - November 2, 2022, Boston, MA, USA. Abstract... Boston, MA, USA: Planetary Health Alliance, 2022. p. 129-130.

    Abstract: The sugarcane industry in the process of producing sugar and ethanol generates bagasse in large amounts. The burning of bagasse used for steam and electricity generation produces 3 million tonnes of bagasse fly ash (BFA) annually. Handling and improper disposal of BFA cause pollution in soils, air, and water, which results in environmental challenges and human health problems. The valorization of BFA is a convenient and sustainable means to reduce solid waste generation and decrease the environmental pollution load. The purpose of this research is to investigate the application of BFA for the synthesis of zeolite. Because of three-dimensional structure and unique porous properties, zeolite is a value-added product with many applications such as adsorbent material and industrial catalysis. After separation of the coarser particles containing mainly unburned carbon, fine particles of BFA were used to synthesize zeolite by alkali fusion (550 oC; 1 h; BFA: NaOH= 1:1.2 w/w) followed by hydrothermal treatment at 100 °C for 3 h. Si/Al molar ratio of 1.0 was adjusted with an external alumina source. BFA and synthesized zeolite were characterized using XFR, XRD, and MEV. The results showed that BFA may be used effectively for the synthesis of zeolite NaA with high purity comparable with the commercial product. Zeolite NaA is employed in sugarcane mills in the dehydration processes for the removal of water from the hydrated ethanol. Thus, the application of BFA in zeolitization process strategy provides not only environmental and economic benefits for the sugarcane agroindustry but also contributes to a circular economy and towards the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 12.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29536

    SANTIAGO, RAQUEL; VIANNA, DANIELA; FUNGARO, DENISE A. ; VIANNA, NELZAIR; SARAIVA, ANTONIO M.. Brazilian Campus Ambassador Program as an educational strategy on Planetary Health. In: PLANETARY HEALTH ANNUAL MEETING, October 31 - November 2, 2022, Boston, MA, USA. Abstract... Boston, MA, USA: Planetary Health Alliance, 2022. p. 34-34.

    Abstract: The Brazilian Campus Ambassadors Program (BCAP) of Planetary Health Brazil has the mission of formally recognizing the leaders of the Next Generation in Planetary Health (PH). Throughout the ten months of the program, under the mentoring of professors and researchers, the ambassadors build their PH network and develop organizational and leadership skills. Along the BCAP, the ambassadors acquire skills and tools to take a leading role in their place of action, educate their community, and facilitate collaboration among the existing fields and initiatives on human health and climate change. The target public are undergraduate and graduate students, who acted as multipliers to involve the academic community and the civil society. This way, the BCAP, which is currently in its second edition, works as a strategy to spread the concept of PH in the Brazilian academic environment, giving it a greater capillarity to be inserted in the different areas of education. In 2021, the first edition of the program, we had 249 ambassadors, accompanied by 33 mentors, and 90 of them managed to finish the activities. For 2022, we opted for a smaller intake: 87 ambassadors, accompanied by 23 mentors - to provide more focused mentoring. The result of the 2021 edition was the union of ambassadors from different areas of knowledge in the realization of lectures, online events and lives, workshops, and active participation in the organization and Poster Sessions of PHAM 2021. They learned the value of working together and communicating in an accessible language. At the same time, they learned that we all have our role in PH, broadening their initial vision on the theme. It is worth highlighting the quantity and quality of the ambassadors' activities, even with the limitations imposed COVID-19 pandemic, even generating the insertion of SP content in undergraduate and graduate courses at Brazilian universities.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29535

    MONTEDO, UIARA B.; SANTOS, BARBARA J. dos . Food security and urban gardens, the case of São Paulo/Brazil. In: PLANETARY HEALTH ANNUAL MEETING, October 31 - November 2, 2022, Boston, MA, USA. Abstract... Boston, MA, USA: Planetary Health Alliance, 2022. p. 12-12.

    Abstract: With Covid-19 pandemic, food insecurity in Brazil has become urgent. Since 2020, there has been an increase in unemployment and the closing of schools and day care centers, demanding joint action from society, university, government and companies. Urban and agroecological gardens were highlighted in community actions in the periphery of São Paulo, which has 106 vegetable gardens mapped by the Sampa+Rural program. These gardens are run by solidarity enterprises, which have promoted the delivery of food baskets to vulnerable families. The objective was to enhance the quality of production and ensure healthy food for about 80 families, served by 8 gardens, which contributed to generating income and thus maintaining their dynamics. The methodology consisted of a training cycle from August/21 to April/22, with 5 meetings in each of the 8 participating gardens, covering the planning stages of planting, production, harvest and distribution/marketing. In total, more than 1000 seedlings were planted, ranging from conventional ones (lettuce, arugula, kale, parsley and chives) to seedlings of unconventional food plants, which show a high nutritional level, such as taioba and peixinho. Participants report community gardens as spaces that promote mental health, meeting and reflection, serving as an educational tool in the promotion of significant and permanent social changes, either through the form of production, through the collaborative management process and the fight against local food insecurity. Collective work is one of the ways to overcome food insecurity. It is necessary to take care of volunteers, increase engagement and improve their well-being. Between August and November/22 the focus will be to improve the ergonomic conditions of work in the gardens, to promote well-being and physical safety of those who work there. It is expected to reduce the turnover of participants and improve their comfort, thus contributing to the sustainability of these production systems.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29534

    RODRIGUES, ELAINE A. ; CARVALHO, AMANDA R. ; AQUINO, AFONSO R. de ; ANDRADE, DELVONEI A. de ; BUSTILLOS, JOSE O.W.V. ; VICTOR, RODRIGO A.B.M.; REZENDE, VERONICA B.S. de. Water and climate in megacities and the contribution of nuclear science and technology to ecosystems and their services. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WATER, MEGACITIES AND GLOBAL CHANGE, 2nd, January 11-14, 2022, Online. Proceedings... Paris, France: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization - UNESCO, 2022. p. 687-697.

    Abstract: The loss of the services provided by ecosystems affects the well-being of people and compromises development in its multiple dimensions. In megacities, the promotion of human well-being and the conservation and restoration of ecosystems and their services are urgent global challenges, especially as a function of the growing expansion of water scarcity and its tendency to worsen due to the effects of climate change. This article addresses the growing use and application of nuclear science and technology for the conservation, assessment, and restoration of ecosystems and their services. It focus on water security and climate change, and on how this contributes to the fulfillment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Tools based on nuclear science provide solutions for the development of "climate-smart" agricultural methods; the study of terrestrial, aquatic and atmospheric systems; monitoring how climate change affects the environment and GHG routes, and their distribution and impact on ecosystems, among other aspects. Nuclear technologies are used for wastewater treatment, identification of pollution sources, studies on the quality and quantity of water resources, and adaptation to climate change. The demystification of nuclear science and technology and the increase in collaboration between the ecosystem services and nuclear areas, and society as a whole, are fundamental for facing the global challenges related to water and climate in large cities.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29533

    VICTOR, RODRIGO A.B.M.; RODRIGUES, ELAINE A. ; ROCHA, GUSTAVO C. da; LUCA, EDGAR F. de; METZGER, JEAN P.; CARVALHO, AMANDA R. de; BICUDO, DENISE. São Paulo City Green Belt Biosphere Reserve: water security and human well-being. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WATER, MEGACITIES AND GLOBAL CHANGE, 2nd, January 11-14, 2022, Online. Proceedings... Paris, France: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization - UNESCO, 2022. p. 1160-1170.

    Abstract: The green belt surrounding São Paulo and Santos metropolises, designated by UNESCO as the São Paulo City Green Belt Biosphere Reserve - GBBR (1994), encompasses a population of 25,4 million people in a region responsible for nearly 20% of Brazilian GDP. With approximately 2,33 million hectares, the biosphere reserve and its inner urban area (220 thousand hectares) are host to expressive terrestrial and marine biodiversity, typical to the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado biomes. This paper presents the biosphere reserve as a water security territory: it provides around 90% and 100% of the water flows supplying São Paulo and Santos metropolises, respectively. Representing only 7,36% of São Paulo State territory, the GBBR harbors over 70% of the state´s volume for public supply. Spatial analysis shows that most of this volume comes from a few protected areas that act as hydric hotspots. During 2013-2015 Southeastern Brazil and especially São Paulo faced a severe shortage in rainfall that posed threats to the metropolitan water supply, leading to important reflections about the region´s hydric vulnerability. Combining classical built infrastructure with ecological infrastructure (conservation, restoration and sustainable use of its ecosystems) is paramount to ensure the populationʼs water security in the medium and long terms. In this sense, the geographical and conceptual frameworks constituted by the GBBR can provide integrated land management solutions for improving water supply in quantity and quality for such a complex and critical territory.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29532

    RODRIGUES, ELAINE A. ; CARVALHO, AMANDA R. ; CARVALHO, BEATRIZ R.; AQUINO, AFONSO R. de ; MENDONCA, RODRIGO A. de A.; SODRE, MARCELO G.. Megacities, climate vulnerability and environmental displacement: interdependent challenges. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WATER, MEGACITIES AND GLOBAL CHANGE, 2nd, January 11-14, 2022, Online. Proceedings... Paris, France: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization - UNESCO, 2022. p. 1149-1159.

    Abstract: Climate change and urbanization are the biggest challenges to be faced by humanity. Between 1950 and 2005, global carbon emissions from fossil fuel burning increased by almost 500% while the level of urbanization increased from 29% to 49%. Urban growth is one of the main factors that cause the increase of natural habitat loss on the planet, which affects the capacity of ecosystems to meet the vital needs of millions of people, including the growing number of international migrants, who are strongly directed to urban areas. Considering the trend of intensification of the effects of climate change, this study assesses the interdependence between urbanization, climate vulnerability and environmental displacement in the megacities of the world, based on the simulation of sea level rise in megacities. Although climate change is a global issue, it is also a local concern, since urban areas play a crucial role in the climate change scenario. As migration policies and urbanization are considered separately, megacities are spaces of high vulnerability, notably given the effects of climate change, and demand the development of coordinated responses to tackle them.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29531

    SILVA, ANDERSON M.B.; RODRIGUES, DANIEL S.; ANTONIO, PATRICIA L. ; JUNOT, DANILO O.; CALDAS, LINDA V.E. ; SOUZA, DIVANIZIA N.. Investigation of dosimetric properties of CaSO4:Mn phosphor prepared using slow evaporation route. In: INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SOLID STATE DOSIMETRY, 22nd., September 19-23, 2022, Zacatecas, Mexico. Proceedings... Zacatecas, Mexico: Sociedad Mexicana de Irradiacion y Dosimetria, 2022. p. 145-170.

    Abstract: The objective of this work was to investigate the luminescent properties of CaSO4:Mn synthesized by slow evaporation route. The crystalline structure, morphology, thermal and optical properties of the phosphors were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Moreover, using thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques, the dosimetric properties of the phosphors, such as emission spectra, glow curve reproducibility, dose-response linearity, fading of the luminescent signal, variation of the TL intensity with the heating rate, OSL decay curves, correlation between TL and OSL emissions and minimum detectable dose (MDD) were comprehensively investigated. For dosimetric analyses, the samples were irradiated with doses from 169 mGy to 10 Gy. The emission band fits with the characteristic line of the Mn2+ emission features, ascribed to 6A1→4T1 transition. CaSO4:Mn pellets present a TL glow curve with a single typical peak centered around 494 nm, an OSL decay curve with predominance of a fast decay component, and a MDD on the order of hundreds of mGy. The luminescent signals showed to be linear and reproducible in the studied dose range. The trapping centers located between 0.83 eV and 1.07 eV were revealed for different heating rates in the TL study. The high TL sensitivity of CaSO4:Mn was proven when comparing with commercially available dosimeters. The luminescent signals exhibit a smaller fading than described in the literature for CaSO4:Mn produced by other methods.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29530

    TRINDADE, FABIANE J.; DAMASCENO, SERGIO; FLORIO, DANIEL Z.; FONSECA, FABIO C. ; FERLAUTO, ANDRE S.. Tuning of shape, defects, and disorder in lanthanum-doped ceria nanoparticles: implications for oxidative coupling of methane. In: CINE CONFERENCE, 3., 18-19 de outubro, 2022, Campinas, SP. Resumo... 2022.

    Abstract: The instability of petroleum prices and the advancements in extraction technologies of natural gas has increased the interest in the direct conversion of methane to C2 products via oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) reactions. The design of catalysts by tailoring the structural defects and disorder has a significant impact on their performance. Within this context, in this work, the fine-tuning of oxygen defects in rod-like NPs was performed via La3+ doping (LaxCe1-xO2-1/2), x, in the 10-70 mol% range. The NPs characterization was performed by SEM, HRTEM, XRD, BET and Raman spectroscopy, and the OCM catalytic performance was evaluated at 750 °C. The relative concentration of reagents (CH4 and O2) and products H2, CO, CO2, C2H4, and C2H6 was measured by an online mass spectrometer. XRD and Raman analysis revealed that the CeO2 fluorite crystalline structure is essentially maintained in the doped nanorods, even for x = 0.7. The Raman spectra analysis indicates that La doping results in the formation of extrinsic and intrinsic oxygen defects, which increase proportionally to La concentration. The catalysts showed good performance for OCM with methane conversion up to 32% and C2 selectivity up to 44% for x=0.5. In addition, all catalysts showed high stability within 20h time on stream. The demonstrated structural defect control on La-doped CeO2 NPs can provide important insights to improve the performance of OCM reactions.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29529

    TOMINAGA, F.K. ; BOIANI, N.F. ; SILVA, T.T. ; LEO, P.; BORRELY, S.I. . Application of electron beam irradiation for remediation of pharmaceutical compounds in water. In: CONGRESO ARGENTINO DE LA SOCIEDAD DE TOXICOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA AMBIENTAL, 8th, March 7-11, 2022, Mar del Plata, Argentina. Abstract... Mar del Plata, Argentina: Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 2022. p. 253-253.

    Abstract: A significant number of pharmaceutical active compounds have been released in the aquatic environment. These compounds are not fully removed from water and wastewater treatment plants. Furthermore, these contaminants are not commonly monitored, and they possess the potential to cause adverse ecological and human health effects. Electron Beam Irradiation (EBI) have been applied as an alternatively green method in water management, being efficient for removing organic recalcitrant pollutants at low doses. This work aims to assess the effect of EBI on toxicity of four pharmaceuticals from distinct class (anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, antibiotic, and antidiabetic) using organism from different trophic levels. Acetylsalicylic acid and fluoxetine hydrochloride were obtained from Labsynth (>99.5%) and Divis Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd (98.8%), respectively. Metformin hydrochloride (97%) and ciprofloxacin (>98%) were purchased from Sigma- Aldrich. All aqueous solution were diluted using ultra-pure water. Acute toxicity assays with Daphnia similis and Vibrio fischeri were based on ABNT/NBR standard methods. The evaluated endpoint was immobility and bioluminescence inhibition, respectively. The yeast assays were carried by monitoring of changes in the specific conductivity of suspensions of S. cerevisiae. All the assays were performed in triplicate. The toxicity results of the microcrustacean and the bacteria were expressed in Toxicity Factor. For the yeast, data were analyzed by F-test and t-test using a significance level of 0.05. The UV-Vis spectrum showed changes in all pharmaceutical’s spectrum after irradiation at 2.5 kGy. The toxicity results indicated that the effects varied depending on the organism and the studied pharmaceutical. For acetylsalicylic acid, increase of toxicity was observed for all three the organism. In contrast, for fluoxetine, a great toxicity removal was achieved for D. similis while and for the bacteria and the yeast no changes of toxicity were noted. Regarding metformin, the radiolytic byproducts were only toxic to the microcrustacean, possibly including residual hydrogen peroxide. Finally, for ciprofloxacin, toxicity increase was verified for D. similis and V. fischeri, while detoxification was observed for S. cerevisiae. In conclusion, the present work demonstrated EBI is effective for removing pharmaceuticals and showed the importance of using different organism for toxicity assessment.

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  • IPEN-DOC 29528

    BOIANI, N.F. ; TOMINAGA, F.K. ; SILVA, T.T. ; REDÍGOLO, M.M. ; BORRELY, S.I. . Assessment of binary mixture toxicity of pharmaceuticals of environmental concern to aquatic organisms. In: CONGRESO ARGENTINO DE LA SOCIEDAD DE TOXICOLOGÍA Y QUÍMICA AMBIENTAL, 8th, March 7-11, 2022, Mar del Plata, Argentina. Abstract... Mar del Plata, Argentina: Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, 2022. p. 143-143.

    Abstract: Pharmaceutical products have been frequently detected in aquatic environments as mixtures. They may cause direct toxic effects to aquatic organisms and indirect effects on ecosystems, due to interactions which induce additive, synergistic or antagonistic effects. The classical mathematical models of concentration addition and independent action of pollutants have been extensively used for predicting the mixture effects of chemicals of environmental relevance. The objective of this study was to assess the binary mixture toxicity of pharmaceuticals: fluoxetine and propranolol; fluoxetine and sulfadiazine; fluoxetine and caffeine, in acute tests with Daphnia similis carried out based on ABNT/NBR standard methods. The prediction of the acute effects to binary mixture was performed considering the mentioned mathematical models and deviations of them (synergism/antagonism; concentration level-dependent or concentration ratio-dependent), using an automated Excel spreadsheet. For the mixture of propranolol + fluoxetine, the concentration addition model best described the mixture effects, which explained most of the variability of acute toxic responses. Through the concentration level-dependent, synergism at low doses and antagonism at high doses was pointed out. The concentration addition model better described the effects of the binary mixture of sulfadiazine + fluoxetine. Synergism related to the independent action model and an antagonism related to the concentration ratio-depend were identified. For caffeine + fluoxetine mixture, the concentration addition model described slightly better the effects of this binary mixture, synergism concentration level-dependent and dose ratio-dependent were identified. We can conclude that the nature of the interaction between the compounds of a mixture depends on effect level and on the ratio in which each one is applied. Major effects of the binary mixture were detected in the zone between the effects predicted by the evaluated models. The synergism/antagonism or additivity do not depend on the similarity/dissimilarity of the mode of action of the compounds of a mixture, showing a different behaviour respect to the theoretical assumptions.

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O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

1. Portaria IPEN-CNEN/SP nº 387, que estabeleceu os princípios que nortearam a criação do RDI, clique aqui.


2. A experiência do Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) na criação de um Repositório Digital Institucional – RDI, clique aqui.

O Repositório Digital do IPEN é um equipamento institucional de acesso aberto, criado com o objetivo de reunir, preservar, disponibilizar e conferir maior visibilidade à Produção Científica publicada pelo Instituto, desde sua criação em 1956.

Operando, inicialmente como uma base de dados referencial o Repositório foi disponibilizado na atual plataforma, em junho de 2015. No Repositório está disponível o acesso ao conteúdo digital de artigos de periódicos, eventos, nacionais e internacionais, livros, capítulos, dissertações, teses e relatórios técnicos.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.