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  • IPEN-DOC 27993

    ZANINI, NATHALIA ; ZAMATARO, CLAUDIA B. ; RABELO, THAIS F. ; JUVINO, AMANDA C. ; KUCHAR, NIELSEN G. ; CASTRO, PEDRO ; ANA, PATRICIA da; ZEZELL, DENISE . Analysis of ceramic laminates removal with Er,Cr:YSGG laser by optical coherence tomography. Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery, v. 37, n. 10, p. A22-A22, 2019. DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.29013.abstracts

    Abstract: Porcelain laminated veneers have been widely used. For wear of hard tissue such as enamel and dentin, the diamond rotary instrument is the most traditional, but the laser has become recently used to remove aesthetic facets. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) used as an optical biopsy, is important for morphological analysis and attenuation coefficient is related to the property of the photons to be scattered by the samples. After approval by the Ethics Committee, the present study investigated the detachment of 30 ceramic E-max fragments cemented in human dental enamel of dimensions 3mm x 3mm x 0.7mm with 3 types of resin cements, RelxY Veneer, Relx U200 and Variolink Veneer. The samples (Enamel + Ceramic Fragment) were randomly distributed in the 3 groups and cemented according to the manufacturer. After that, they were prepared for irradiation with the Er,Cr: YSSG laser under predetermined conditions (3.5 and 3W, 20Hz, 60% water and 40% air flow). OCT analysis was done before and after irradiation. We observed that themorphological changes of the enamel surface showed an increased surface area due to the cement remaining in the enamel.We concluded that the Er, Cr: YSGG laser, when used in the irradiation protocol tested, seems to be a safe tool for the removal of laminates.

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  • IPEN-DOC 27992

    RABELO, THAIS F. ; ZAMATARO, CLAUDIA B. ; ZANINI, NATHALIA ; JUVINO, AMANDA C. ; KUCHAR, NIELSEN G. ; CASTRO, PEDRO A.A. ; ZEZELL, DENISE M. . Removal of laminates with Er,Cr:YSGG laser from dental enamel submitted to gamma radiation. Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery, v. 37, n. 10, p. A21-A21, 2019. DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.29013.abstracts

    Abstract: Background: Modern Dentistry is characterized by the search for aesthetic perfection in the smile. Many efforts are made regarding procedures related to manufacturing, cementing, maintenance and removal of ceramic laminates. The laser removal of laminates has become more frequent when the aesthetical procedures needs to be replaced. On the other hand, the head and neck cancer treatment causes comorbidities in the buccal environment when laminates are in place. Objective: To evaluate in vitro the removal of ceramic fragments by means of Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation, after gamma radiation. Methods: 20 Lithium disilicate veneers were cemented with Variolink to human dental enamel and then samples were irradiated with 0.07 kGy. After gamma irradiation, the laminates removal with Er,Cr:YSGG laser was performed. The control group was not subjected to gamma radiation. Dental enamel samples were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Surface Microhardness Loss (SMH). Results: SEM has shown that less cement was found after removal of the facets in gamma irradiated group when compared to the control. For both groups there was alteration of the SMH possibly due to the use of the adhesive system. When performed intra group analysis, the sample being its own control of baseline in the FTIR analysis, there were no band shifts or formation of new compounds on the surface of human dental enamel. Conclusions: The Er,Cr:YSGG laser is an effective alternative for laminates removal in human dental enamel even when it is subjected to gamma radiation.

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  • IPEN-DOC 27991

    KUCHAR, NIELSEN G. ; ZAMATARO, CLAUDIA B. ; RABELO, THAIS ; JUVINO, AMANDA ; ZANINI, NATHALIA ; CASTRO, PEDRO ; ZEZELL, DENISE M. . Calcium analysis of gamma sterilized human dentin submmited to Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation. Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery, v. 37, n. 10, p. A18-A19, 2019. DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.29013.abstracts

    Abstract: Studies report that gamma radiation changes the oral cavity of patients submitted to radiotherapy. These changes include xerostomia, resulting in an unsaturation of calciumand phosphate in the oral cavity. However, human enamel samples isolated from the altered oral environmentwhen irradiatedwithgamma radiation at doses of up to 25kGy (much higher than radiotherapy doses) were shown to have undergone no changes in molecular hardness or micro surface. After approval of the Research Ethics Committee, 20 human dentin samples were evaluated before and after irradiation, split randomly into control group (n = 10) and irradiated group (n = 10) treated with 25.0 kGy at the Co60 multipurpose irradiator and irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG laser in the parameters: 8.5 J/cm2 in the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), % surface Microhardness loss and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). At the end, acidic biopsies were performed to quantify the concentration of calcium present in the samples. In the results of FTIR analysis differences were found only in the bands of organic content and in the inorganic content, difference were not found between before and after irradiations. The EDS and % Surface Microhardness loss analysis corroborates these findings, as well as no significant loss of the Calcium content before and after their radiation with Co60 at 25 kGy and with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser. These findings lead us to a new hypothesis of behavior of the hydroxyapatite crystal submitted to the gamma irradiation.

    Palavras-Chave: teeth; radiotherapy; gamma radiation; radiation doses; calcium

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  • IPEN-DOC 27990

    ZAMATARO, CLAUDIA B. ; RABELO, THAIS F. ; ZANINI, NATHALIA ; JUVINO, AMANDA C. ; KUCHAR, NIELSEN G. ; CASTRO, PEDRO A.L. ; ANA, PATRICIA A. da; ZEZELL, DENISE M. . Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation associated to fluoride for in situ model using gamma sterilized dentin and enamel. Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery, v. 37, n. 10, p. A13-A13, 2019. DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.29013.abstracts

    Abstract: The in situ intraoral model uses human dental enamel samples (HDE) in order to analyse the de-remineralization processes using the buccal environment without interfering into the patients’ natural dentition. The main ethical concern from this model is the biosafety. Gamma radiation is a very efficient sterilization method that is not expected to alter the mineral content of the hard tissues, avoiding biases in the results. Thus 40 HDE samples were irradiated through a source of 60Co multipurpose irradiator aiming complete sterilization (25 KGy/h) with the purpose of accumulating the native plaque on them at an in situ study. An Er,Cr:YSGG laser was used alone and in combination with the topical applications of: 1-dentifrice (1,100 lg F-/g) or 2-APF (12,300 lg F-/g). Morphological analyses were performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), determination of alkali-soluble fluoride concentration by specific ion electrode and microhardness determination. Then, the 15 volunteers used palatal devices containing previously treated HDE samples and remained using F dentifrice. The FTIR findings established that gamma radiation could be used aiming HDE sterilization. The Knoop hardness number was within the range of that of natural dentin of human origin. X-ray fluorescence shows that irradiated dentin has great similarity with natural dentin from the point of view of chemical composition. SEM analyses showed that there was no thermal damage or interprismatic morphological changes in the hydroxyapatite structure of human dental dentin outside the buccal environment when using doses of gamma irradiation up to 25 kGy.

    Palavras-Chave: teeth; enamels; sterilization; lasers; irradiation

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  • IPEN-DOC 27989

    JUVINO, AMANDA C. ; ZAMATARO, CLAUDIA B. ; RABELO, THAIS F. ; KUCHAR, NIELSEN G. ; ZANINI, NATHALIA ; CASTRO, PEDRO ; ZEZELL, DENISE . In vitro determination of the critical pH demineralization of human dental enamel irradiated with Nd:YAG laser associated with fluoridated product. Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery, v. 37, n. 10, p. A8-A9, 2019. DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.29013.abstracts

    Abstract: The use of fluoride products associated with high intensity laser irradiation are beneficial for dental caries prevention because it increases the surface area, improving the formation of fluorapatite (FA), which gives greater acid-resistance of enamel against bacterial acids. The objective of this study is to determine the critical pH of dental enamel treated with acid fluoride phosphate 12,300 lF-/g (APF) and Nd:YAG laser 84 J/cm2, as there is no precedent to determine this pH. The study consisted of 4 groups (n = 15): G1: Negative Control; G2: APF; G3: Nd:YAG; G4: APF + Nd:YAG. Each group was randomized into three subgroups (n = 5) for pH cycling. The cycling was designed to simulate three conditions: below critical pH of enamel hydroxyapatite (pH 5.0); pH below critical for hydroxyapatite and fluorapatite (pH 4.5); condition further below the critical situation to investigate extent of acid resistance of the enamel (pH 4.0). The samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and solutions were quantified fluoride (specific ion electrode) and phosphate (colorimetric method). In SEM and FTIR (phosphate band) at pH 5, only the APF and APF + Nd:YAG groups did not present demineralization. At pH 4.5, only the APF + Nd:YAG group was integrated. At pH 4, APF + Nd:YAG showed signs of mild demineralization while the other groups showed aggressive signals. It is concluded that the irradiated fluorapatite has critical dissolution pH different from fluorapatite formed only with the application of fluorine.

    Palavras-Chave: teeth; enamels; fluorides; phosphates; ph value; laser radiation

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  • IPEN-DOC 27968

    CARDOSO, ELISABETH C.L. ; PARRA, DUCLERC F. ; SCAGLIUSI, SANDRA R. ; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. . Influence of particle size of bio-calcium carbonate used as reinforcement of PBAT/PLA bio-based foams compatibilized with ionizing radiation. Journal of Bioremediation & Biodegradation, v. 10, p. 42-42, 2019.

    Abstract: Bio-filler from eggshells as reinforcement of bio-based polymers are based on their principle benefits such as good strength and stiffness besides being an environmental friendly, degradable and renewable material. Eggshell is an agricultural waste largely considered as garbage and discarded mostly because it contributes to pollution. Biodegradable polymers as PLA (poli-lactic acid) and PBAT (butylene adipate co-terephthalate) are thermoplastics which can be processed using most conventional polymer processing methods. PLA is high in strength and modulus (63 MPa and 3.4 GPa, respectively) but brittle (strain at break 3.8%) while PBAT is flexible and tough (strain at break ~710%). In order to reduce interfacial tension exhibited by PLA/PBAT blend, compatibilization is fundamental: herein it was used as compatibilizing agent PLA previously e-beam irradiated at 150 kGy: ionizing radiation induces compatibilization by free radicals, improving the dispersion and adhesion of blend phases, without the use of chemical additives and at room temperature. PLA/PBAT, 65/35 blend with bio-filler, from avian eggs, of 38 and 75 µm particle size were prior homogenized in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder and further foamed in a mono-screw extruder, by using CO2 as Physical Blowing Agent (PBA). Characterizations involved: Melt Index, DSC, TGA, FTIR, SEM, XRD and mechanical essays.

    Palavras-Chave: calcium carbonates; biodegradation; eggs; polymers; fillers

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  • IPEN-DOC 27967

    PARRA, DUCLERC F. ; SILVA, ORELIO L. da ; KOMATSU, LUIZ G. ; CARDOSO, ELIZABETH C.L. ; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. . Nanocomposites foams of polypropilene modified by ionizing radiation containing CaCo3/ag° nanoparticles of bio-calcium carbonate-study of bactericidal effect. Journal of Bioremediation & Biodegradation, v. 10, p. 41-41, 2019.

    Abstract: This paper presents a study of high melting strengh polypropylene (HMSPP) foams by gamma irradiation with insertion of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) adsorbed in carrier of CaCO3 (natural source) aiming bactericidal effect. The use of silver (Ag°) gives important antibacterial property since silver is highly toxic against bacterae. The HMSPP matrix was processed in a twin screw extruder under CO2 atmosphere and polypropylene nanocomposites (HMSPP-AgNC) were obtained in different concentrations of silver. The material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), cytotoxicity assay and reduction colony-forming-unit (CFU). The analyzed foams showed spherical clusters and homogeneous regions with good distribution of the silver nanoparticles. Furthermore, the HMSPP@AgNCs foams exhibited a antibacterial efficiency against E. coli and S. aureus due to the presence of the biocidal silver nanoparticles.

    Palavras-Chave: germicides; sterilization; foams; polypropylene; gamma radiation; calcium carbonates

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  • IPEN-DOC 27820

    PETERSEN, ALAN; TACCHEO, STEFANO; MIROV, SERGEY; NILSSON, JOHAN; PASK, HELEN; SARACENO, CLARA; WETTER, NIKLAUS ; WU, RUIFEN. Focus issue introduction: Advanced Solid-State Lasers 2020. Optics Express, v. 29, n. 6, p. 8365-8367, 2021. DOI: 10.1364/OE.423636

    Abstract: This Joint Issue of Optics Express and Optical Materials Express features 15 articles written by authors who participated in the international online conference Advanced Solid State Lasers held 13–16 October, 2020. This review provides a summary of the conference and these articles from the conference which sample the spectrum of solid state laser theory and experiment, from materials research to sources and from design innovation to applications.

    Palavras-Chave: lasers; solid state lasers; radiation sources; meetings

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  • IPEN-DOC 27819

    PETERSEN, ALAN; TACCHEO, STEFANO; MIROV, SERGEY; NILSSON, JOHAN; PASK, HELEN; SARACENO, CLARA; WETTER, NIKLAUS ; WU, RUIFEN. Focus issue introduction: Advanced Solid-State Lasers 2020. Optical Materials Express, v. 11, n. 4, p. 952-954, 2021. DOI: 10.1364/OME.423641

    Abstract: This Joint Issue of Optics Express and Optical Materials Express features 15 articles written by authors who participated in the international online conference Advanced Solid State Lasers held 13–16 October, 2020. This review provides a summary of the conference and these articles from the conference which sample the spectrum of solid state laser theory and experiment, from materials research to sources and from design innovation to applications.

    Palavras-Chave: lasers; solid state lasers; radiation sources; meetings

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  • IPEN-DOC 27604

    PARRA, DUCLERC F. ; SANTOS, VINICIUS J. dos ; TAMIÃO, ANGELICA . Development of poly (n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) hydrogels containing nanosilver and laponite clay for modulation of neomycin. Journal of Astrophysics & Aerospace Technology, v. 8, n. 2, p. 3-3, 2020.

    Abstract: These Biomaterials widely used in biomedicine as wound dressings are composed by hydrogels. They offer ideal conditions for wound treatment, such as maintaining the wound environment humid, autolytic debridement, accelerated healing, ability to absorb large amounts of fluids without losing their physical integrity, drug release in a controlled manner protecting infected wounds that are constantly exposed to environment contaminated with microorganisms. These dressings are formed by one or more polymeric components which, when cross-linked, form three-dimensional networks. They have a high degree of flexibility that is very similar to natural living tissues. The general objective of this work was to synthesize by radiation hydrogel membranes containing PVP, PEG, agar, RD laponite in a neomycin and nanosilver release system that promotes a synergistic action between these two antimicrobial agents. Membranes with different concentrations of polymer matrix / clay were produced by irradiation at a dose of 25 kGy of gamma 60Co source, and characterized by techniques: swelling analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile tests, parallel plate rheometry. It can be seen that G 'and G "are approximately parallel within the studied range. G 'is greater than G' 'and both showed little frequency dependence. This performance is the expected for the gels, in which the elastic behavior of the sample predominates over its viscous behavior. The clay-polymer interactions increases gel cross-linking, which provides an increase in their mechanical properties. In parallel, nanoparticles of silver coupled to clay (Laponite) were synthesized in which their properties were verified by means of UV-Vis, MET, ICP-OES and microbiological activity. The study of the microbiological activity of AgNPs-Laponite nanoparticles on the reduction of microorganisms in culture indicated that most of the nanoparticles, synthesized from the reduction of silver ions on the surface of Laponite, have activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans.

    Palavras-Chave: wounds; hydrogels; pvp; healing; biological recovery

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  • IPEN-DOC 27563

    CARDOSO, ELIZABETH C.L. ; PARRA, DUCLERC F. ; SCAGLIUSI, SANDRA R. ; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. . Study of PBAT/PLA bio-based blends reinforced with chicken eggshell nano powder compatibilized with ionizing radiation. Astrophysics & Aerospace Technology, v. 8, n. 2, p. 11-11, 2020.

    Abstract: Eggshell is a solid waste, with production of several tons per day and it is mostly sent to landfills at a high management cost. A few used of eggshell include: fertilizing the garden, cleaning pots and pans, seed starter, feeding birds, making bone broth, etc… Nevertheless, chicken eggshell biowaste has recently been used to substitute calcium carbonate (CaCO3), due to its reinforcing property and low price. It is economically viable to transform eggshell waste to acquire new values, transforming it into a bioplastic: a biodegradable polymer made from bio-mass. The surprising strength of eggshells endorses their application for reinforcement of biodegradable polymers herein studied: PLA (poly-lactic acid) and PBAT (butylene adipate co-terephthalate). PLA is derived from renewable sourced: polylactic acid plastics are sturdier and capable to be blend with conventional petroleum polymers; nevertheless, they exhibit a narrow process window and low thermal stability, besides an inherent high cost. PBAT, as PLA, is a biodegradable aliphatic polyester, although a synthetic polymer based on fossil resources. By incorporating PBAT in PLA it is expected to improve flexibility of PBAT/PLA blend. Previous studies using PBAT/PLA, 50/50 blends containing 15% of chicken eggshell 125 µm improved mechanical behavior of net blends: values for both force and strain practically doubled, proving the effective reinforcement action of calcium carbonate extracted from eggshells. Conventional polymer processing methods can be used in both PLA and PBAT compositions. Due to common incompatibility between PLA and PBAT, considering their extreme glass transition temperatures: 62 º C and – 30 º C, respectively, it is required a compatibilizer to accomplish or increase their interaction. Herein it was used PLA previously e-beam radiated at 150 kGy, as compatibilizing agent: ionizing radiation induces compatibilization by free radicals, improving the dispersion and adhesion of blend phases, without the use of chemical additives and at room temperature. Herein there were prepared bio-composite PBAT/PLA 82/18 blends with 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 % of eggshell nano-powder, 161 nm, in average, and 5.0 % of PLA 150 kGy e-beam radiated were homogeneized in a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Subsequent investigations included: Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Fourier Transmittance Infrared (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Tensile Strength and Elongation at Break

    Palavras-Chave: eggs; chickens; fertilizers; solid wastes; ionizing radiations; nanopowders

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  • IPEN-DOC 27446

    VILLAS BOAS, CRISTIAN A.W. ; MENGATTI, JAIR ; PASSOS, PRISCILA ; VIEIRA, DANIEL ; ARAUJO, ELAINE B. de . In vitro response of 177Lu-PSMA-617 with two different specific activities. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, v. 61, supplement 1, 2020.

    Abstract: Introduction: PSMA-617 radiolabeled with lutetium-177 has shown good results in compassionate studies around the world. Being a receptor-specific radiopharmaceutical, the specific activity (SA) of the preparation may represent an important factor for therapeutic efficacy. Lutetium-177 can be produced by two different routes: with ytterbium-176 (Non-carrier-added or NCA) and with lutetium-176 (Carrier-added or CA). The SA (MBq/ug) of the labeled PSMA varies accordingly to each lutetium. For NCA lutetium, the radiolabeling procedure is based on the SA of 74 MBq/ug. When the radiolabeling is performed with CA lutetium, SA is determined by the molar ratio of 2.1:1 (PSMA moles/lutetium moles declared in the certificate), resulting in lower SA than NCA. This work evaluated the influence of specific activity of 177Lu-PSMA-617 on in vitro specific binding assays (saturation, competition and internalization). Materials and Methods: Radiolabeling of PSMA-617 (ABX, Germany) with lutetium-177 was performed in heating block at 90°C for 30 minutes with sodium ascorbate (0.5 M pH 4.7) as buffer. For NCA lutetium (JSC, Russia) the radiopharmaceutical specific activity was 74 MBq/ug. For CA lutetium (IDB, Netherlands), the specific activity was 41 MBq/ug. The radiochemical purity was analyzed with HPLC. For all experiments, 6-well plates were used for adherence cells with 200,000 LNCaP per well. Molar concentration of saturation curves experiments were 0.01; 0.05; 0.6; 1.5; 3.0 and 3.5 for CA lutetium and 0.1; 0.6; 1.5; 2.0; 2.5 and 3.0 for NCA lutetium. After 1 hour of incubation at 8 ºC, supernatant was removed, then washed with PBS (phosphate buffer saline) and finally cells were burst with NaOH 1 M, and activity was measured in gama counter; the experiments were performed in octuplicate. Competition experiments were performed adding in all wells 5 nM of radiolabeled PSMA-617 and in the competition well (non-specific binding) were added an excess of 15 times (76 ug) of non radiolabeled PSMA-617. After 1 hour of incubation at 8 ºC, supernatant was removed, then washed with PBS and finally cells were burst with NaOH 1 M, and activity was measured in gama counter, these experiments were performed in triplicate. The specific binding was obtained by the difference between total binding and non-specific binding. Internalization experiments were performed at Kd of NCA and CA lutetium. After 1 hour of incubation at 37 ºC, supernatant was removed, washed with PBS, then washed again with 0.05 M glycine solution pH 2.8 and finally cells were burst with NaOH 1 M. Activity was measured in gama counter, these experiment were performed in sextuplicate. Results and discussion: The radiochemical purity were 98% and 99% for labeling with NCA and CA lutetium, respectively. Saturation curve assay with NCA lutetium shown a Kd of 0.7 ± 0.15 nM and a Bmax of 857 ± 55.79 pMol/ng, and with CA lutetium resulted in a Kd of 1.71 ± 0.45 nM and a Bmax of 1156 ± 113.8 pMol/ng. The variation between both Kd curves were statistically different (P value = 0.0058). Competition assay demonstrated an effective blocking for both types of lutetium, for NCA unpaired T test shown a P value of 0.0011. For CA lutetium, the unpaired test disclosed a P value of 0.0258. The comparison between both results revealed a P value of 0.01 at the specific binding. Internalization assay shown for both types of lutetium similar results, 27.1 ± 2.45% and 30.6 ± 4.97%, for CA and NCA lutetium, respectively, and was not statistically significant (P value = 0.17). Conclusions: These experiments demonstrated that the type of lutetium (CA or NCA) directly affects in vitro binding of 177Lu-PSMA-617 to receptors expressed in LNCaP cells. It was statistically demonstrated that the higher specific activity of 177Lu-PSMA-617, more radiolabeled peptide can bind to cells at saturation and competition assays.

    Palavras-Chave: radiopharmaceuticals; lutetium 177; therapy; in vitro

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  • IPEN-DOC 27445

    COELHO, GUILHERME R.; PREZOTTO NETO, JOSE P. ; BARBOSA, FERNANDA C.; SANTOS, RAFAEL S.; BRIGATTE, PATRICIA; SPENCER, PATRICK J. ; SAMPAIO, SANDRA C.; D'AMELIO, FERNANDA; PIMENTA, DANIEL C.; SCIANI, JULIANA M.. Hypanus americanus mucus: a new point of view about stingray immunity and toxins. Toxicon, v. 177, Supplement 1, p. S34-S34, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.12.047

    Abstract: Fish skin plays important biological roles, such as the control of the osmotic pressure gradient, protection against mechanical forces and microorganism infections. The mucus, on the other hand, is a rich and complex fluid, important for the fish acting as innate immunity system, swimming and nutrition. The elasmobranch epidermis is characterized mainly by mucus secretory cells, and marine stingrays have already been described to present secretory glands spread throughout the body. Little is known about the biochemical composition of the stingray mucus, but recent studies denoted the importance of mucus in the envenomation process. Stingrays venom are largely studied due the human medical importance of envenoming caused by sting puncture, that evolve with local inflammation and necrosis, and these toxic events can be correlated to the chemical composition of the sting skin, according to the literature. Aiming to analyse the mucus composition, a new non-invasive mucus collection method was developed that focused on peptides and proteins, and biological assays were performed to analyze preliminary toxic and immune activities of the Hypanus americanus mucus. Pathophysiological characterization showed the presence of peptidases on mucus, as well that the induction of edema and leukocyte recruitment in mice. The fractionated mucus improved phagocytosis on macrophages and showed antimicrobial activity against T. rubrum, C. neoformans and C. albicans in vitro. The proteomic analyses showed the presence of immune-related proteins like actin, histones, hemoglobin, and ribosomal proteins. This protein pattern is similar to those reported for other fish mucus and stingray venom. This is the first report depicting the Hypanus stingray mucus composition, highlighting its biochemical composition and importance for the stingray immune system and the possible role on the envenomation process.

    Palavras-Chave: fishes; skin; venoms; therapeutic uses

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  • IPEN-DOC 27444

    SABINO, CAETANO P.; SELLERA, FABIO P.; SALES-MEDINA, DOUGLAS F.; MACHADO, RAFAEL R.G.; DURIGON, EDISON L.; FREITAS-JUNIOR, LUCIO H.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . UV-C (254 nm) lethal doses for SARS-CoV-2. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, v. 32, p. 1-2, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101995

    Palavras-Chave: sterilization; germicides; radiation doses; ultraviolet radiation; coronaviruses

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  • IPEN-DOC 27443

    CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G. ; BASSO, LUANA S.; GATTI, LUCIANA V. ; MARANI, LUCIANO; TEJADA, GRACIELA; ARAI, EGIDIO; MILLER, JOHN B.; ANDERSON, LIANA O.; ARAGAO, LUIZ E.O.C.. Understanding the temporal dynamics of carbon emission from fires in the Amazon-Cerrado transition zone. Biodiversidade Brasileira, v. 9, n. 1, p. 132-132, 2019. DOI: 10.37002/biobrasil.v%25vi%25i.1273

    Abstract: Carbon emissions from fires (C fire) account for one-tenth of the global annual C emissions. Fires are the main source of emissions from land-use change. Recently, Werf et al. 2017, showed an 11% increase in global fire emissions during the 1997-2016 period. Savannas and Tropical Forests have shared almost the same fire-derived C emission values in the South America (Werf et al. 2017). Therefore, for this study we focused our analysis on a site representing the transition zone between Amazonia and Cerrado, located in Alta Floresta (ALF) in Mato Grosso State, Brazil. To understand the temporal dynamics of fire-derived C emission, we correlated fire counts (FC) within the influence area with fire-derived C emission directly measured in the atmosphere as CO concentration. CO and CO2 were collected monthly for 7 years from 2010 onwards using an aircraft flying up to 4.5 km altitude, totaling 153 vertical profiles. FC was extracted from influence areas weighted by the density of backward trajectories calculated quarterly. Trajectories starting from the flight location within a cell of one degree resolution were obtained using the Hysplit model at different heights. The average annual C emission from fire was 0.10 ± 0.04 Pg.C.yr-1, which represents about 10% of the Amazon fire emissions (Aragão et al. 2018). The highest daily value of fire emission was observed in 2010 (drought year) and 2017 (0.47-0.51 gC.m².day-1), although the years of 2011, 2016, and 2017 were the largest contributor to the total emission flux. This occurred because the influence area that belongs to the Amazon was lower in those years. Inter annually there is a typical behavior of the backward trajectories in ALF site whose 1st and 4th quarters have 80% of the air-streams coming from the Amazon, while during the 2nd and 3rd quarters this contribution is about 45%. However, emissions from fire and FC are higher in the 3rd quarter, outside the Amazon. The correlation between FC and fire emission was positively significant (ρ = 0.88, α = 0.05, p<0.001), meaning that an increase of 1,000 FC per quarter causes an increase of 0.074 gC.m².day-1 or, on average, an emission of 0.16 Pg.C.yr-1.

    Palavras-Chave: fires; carbon dioxide; emission; forests; greenhouse gases; environment

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  • IPEN-DOC 27442

    TEJADA, GRACIELA; GATTI, LUCIANA ; BASSO, LUANA; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; MARANI, LUCIANO; CORREIA, CAIO ; DOMINGUES, LUCAS ; CRISPIM, STEPHANE; NEVES, RAIANE; ANDERSON, LIANA O.; ARAGAO, LUIZ E.O.C.; ARAI, EGIDIO; GLOOR, MANUEL; MILLER, JOHN B.; VON RANDOW, CELSO. Understanding the relationships between local deforestation and CO2 atmospheric measurements in the Brazilian Amazon. Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira - Brazilian Journal of Forestry Research, v. 39, Special issue, p. 528-528, 2019. DOI: 10.4336/2019.pfb.39e201902043

    Abstract: Amazon forests play a fundamental role in the global carbon balance as a carbon sink, but temperature elevations and frequents extreme events as droughts and floods could make the forests a source of CO2. Local atmospheric measurements of greenhouse gases are needed to better understand how forest will respond to climate change. The lower-troposphere greenhouse gas (GHG) monitoring program over Brazilian Amazon Basin, has been collecting biweekly GHGs vertical profiles in four sites since 2010. We aim to understand the relationships between local deforestation and CO2 aircraft measurements in the Brazilian Amazon. We calculated annual deforestation (using the Amazon Deforestation Calculation Program - PRODES), land use and cover change data (using the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE) and fire data (using the Fire Monitoring System) in each annual influence area at the four flight measurement sites of the Brazilian Amazon from 2010-2017 (and also in the mean influence area of all years by sites). We found that when we see total deforestation, it has a relationship with global CO2 emissions in the Brazilian Amazon biome. Fire has a strong relationship in the drought years, mostly in 2012. Looking at each site, we found specific correlations with deforestation, fire and land use. The biggest challenge was to compare spatial analyzes of land use change and fire with punctual data of airplane GHGs measurements. This study will contribute in our understanding of anthropogenic activities over the Amazon forest in a changing climate.

    Palavras-Chave: deforestation; greenhouse gases; monitoring; environment; atmospheres; carbon dioxide; emission

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  • IPEN-DOC 27441

    BASSO, LUANA S.; GATTI, LUCIANA V. ; MARANI, LUCIANO; CASSOL, HENRIQUE L.G.; TEJADA, GRACIELA; CORREIA, CAIO S.C. ; DOMINGUES, LUCAS G. ; CRISPIM, STEPHANE P.; NEVES, RAIANE A.L.; ARAI, EGIDIO; MILLER, JOHN B.; GLOOR, MANUEL; ANDERSON, LIANA O.; ARAGAO, LUIZ E.O.C.. A first Amazon CH4 budget and its controls based on atmospheric data from vertical profiles measurements. Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira - Brazilian Journal of Forestry Research, v. 39, Special issue, p. 528-528, 2019. DOI: 10.4336/2019.pfb.39e201902043

    Abstract: The role of tropical regions in the global CH4 balance remained uncertain, due these regions have until recently been poorly observed with large-scale integrating in-situ observations. To contribute in understanding the CH4 balance in tropical regions, we have started a lower-troposphere greenhouse gas-monitoring program over Brazilian Amazon Basin consisting of regular vertical profile greenhouse gas observations at four sites. Samples are collected regularly each 2 weeks, using light aircraft. We will present an analysis of these data and what they tell us about the Amazon CH4 cycle and its contribution to global CH4 concentration. We estimate fluxes upwind of the sites from the profile data using a column budgeting approach (Miller et al., 2007). Over the full period (2010-2017) the Amazon Basin was a source of CH4, but with regional variations. There are comparably high and highly variable emissions from the eastern part of the basin exhibiting strong variability, with particularly high CH4 fluxes in two different periods of the year (beginning of the wet season and in the dry season). In contrast to this, a clear seasonality was observed at the other three sites, with the largest emissions occurring at the beginning of the wet season (January to March). Emissions from biomass burning contribute with a small part of the total flux at each site. We will finally discuss what is the influence from precipitation and temperature in the Amazon CH4 emissions.

    Palavras-Chave: methane; atmospheres; carbon monoxide; greenhouse gases; wetlands

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  • IPEN-DOC 27301

    KADLUBOWSKI, SLAWOMIR S.; VARCA, GUSTAVO H.C. . Editorial. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, v. 169, SI, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2019.108542

    Palavras-Chave: nanoparticles; radiations; nanomaterials; electron beams

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  • IPEN-DOC 27300

    WANG, RAYMOND Y.; FRANCO, JOSE F. da S. ; LOPEZ-VALDEZ, JAIME; MARTINS, ESMERALDA; SUTTON, VERNON R.; WHITLEY, CHESTER B.; ZHANG, LIN; CIMMS, TRICIA; MARSDEN, DEBORAH; JURECKA, AGNIESZKA; HARMATZ, PAUL. Long-term safety and efficacy of vestronidase alfa, rhGUS enzyme replacement therapy, in subjects with mucopolysaccharidosis type VII. Molecular Genetics and Metabolism, v. 129, n. 2, p. S158-S159, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.11.422

    Abstract: Vestronidase alfa (recombinant human beta-glucuronidase) is an enzyme replacement therapy for mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (MPS VII), a highly heterogeneous, ultra-rare disease. Twelve subjects, ages 8–25 years, completed a Phase 3, randomized, placebo-controlled, blind-start, single crossover study (UX003- CL301; NCT02230566), receiving 24–48 weeks of vestronidase alfa 4 mg/kg IV. All 12 subjects completed the blind-start study, which showed significantly reduced urinary glycosaminoglycans (uGAG) and clinical improvement in a multi-domain responder index, and enrolled in a long-term, open-label, extension study (UX003-CL202; NCT02432144). Here, we report the final results of the extension study, up to an additional 144 weeks after completion of the blindstart study. Three subjects (25%) completed all 144 weeks of study, eight subjects (67%) ended study participation before Week 144 to switch to commercially available vestronidase alfa, and one subject discontinued due to non-compliance after receiving one infusion of vestronidase alfa in the extension study. The safety profile of vestronidase alfa in the extension study was consistent with observations in the preceding blind-start study, with most adverse events mild to moderate in severity. There were no treatment or study discontinuations due to AEs and no noteworthy changes in a standard safety chemistry panel. There was no association between antibody formation and infusion associated reactions. Subjects receiving continuous vestronidase alfa treatment showed a sustained uGAG reduction and clinical response evaluated using a multidomain responder index that includes assessments in pulmonary function, motor function, range of motion, mobility, and visual acuity. Reductions in fatigue were also maintained in the overall population. Results from this study show the long-term safety and durability of clinical efficacy in subjects with MPS VII with long-term vestronidase alfa treatment.

    Palavras-Chave: recombinant dna; glucuronidase; mucopolysaccharides; glycoproteins; glycosides; enzymes; therapy

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  • IPEN-DOC 27112

    HERNANDES, CAMILA; SILVA, BRUNA da; KLINGBEIL, MARIA de F.G. ; MATHOR, MONICA B. ; PEREIRA, ANA M.S.; SEVERINO, PATRICIA. Avoiding chemotherapy resistance in squamous cell carcinomas: anticancer activities of terpenoids and their impact on the regulation of microRNAs. Cancer Research, v. 77, 13 Supplement, 2017. DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-5456

    Abstract: MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that play important roles in cellular biology. They have been implicated in pharmacogenomics by down-regulating genes that are essential for drug function. In this work we verified the potential anticancer activity of the quinone methide triterpenes maytenin and 22-β-hydroxymaytenin, as well as of a quinone methide triterpene-rich extract obtained from cultivated Maytenus ilicifolia root cells, and evaluated the associated microRNA expression following half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) treatment. Standard selectivity index (SI) for the isolated compounds and the root cell extract was determined by the logarithmic shift in effective concentration (IC50) between cancer cell lines and oral keratinocytes. Both isolated molecules as well as the root cell extract presented pronounced antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activities in four cell lines derived from head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, including a metastasis-derived cell line. A positive SI, with an average 2-fold increase in potency, was detected for single agents and for the extract. MicroRNA expression profiles were assessed at 24h, 48h and 72h following treatment and an average of 100 molecules presented consistent marked variation in expression levels. Considering associations of microRNAs, genes they regulate, and the drugs effects dependent on these genes, the down-regulation of miR-193a-3p and miR-21 in treated cells is of particular interest. Both microRNAs have been involved in 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin resistance, current agents of standard chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced head and neck cancer. Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck is one of the most common cancer types worldwide whereas treatment options based on conventional therapies or targeted therapies under development have limited efficacy. Plant-derived products are valuable sources for the development of new therapeutic options for cancer treatment or as synergistic agents in existing regular care.

    Palavras-Chave: chemotherapy; neoplasms; epithelium; histology; rna; inhibition

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  • IPEN-DOC 27025

    FONSECA, DANIELA P.M. da ; MONTEIRO, WALDEMAR A. . Analysis by optical microscopy and x-ray diffraction of composite Cu-Cr-Ag-Al2O3 synthesized using powder metallurgy. Acta Microscópica, v. 26, Supplement B, p. 278-279, 2017.

    Abstract: The use of Nature's materials in favor of human beings has been present in its daily life for a long time, copper and its alloys have been used in function of the high thermal and electrical conductivity, good mechanical properties, resistance to corrosion, ease of fabrication and also by the high value of scrap [1]. Metal alloys can also be combined with other classes of materials in order to obtain new properties, superior to the original alloy, this union of two or more materials forms a composite [2]. The studied composite has a ternary metal alloy (copper, chromium and silver) as a matrix and a ceramic oxide (alumina) as the reinforcing phase. The addition of chromium, silver and small amounts of finely dispersed metal oxides in copper improves their mechanical properties and increases the operating temperature, causing little loss of conductivity. A possible application of this composite is in electrical contacts, electronic devices that break the passage of current in electrical circuits [1]. The objective of this study was the microstructural characterization by optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction of the composite Cu-Cr-Ag-Al2O3 processed by powder metallurgy. The samples used were fabricated in laboratory scale of 25 mm diameter, 3,5 mm  ℎ  4,0 mm of height and 6,5 g of mass, with the following chemical compositions: (a) 85% Cu – 15% Al2O3; (b) 90% Cu – 5% Cr – 2% Ag – 3% Al2O3; (c) 90% Cu – 5% Cr – 5% Al2O3; (d) 90% Cu – 7% Cr – 3% Al2O3; (e) 85% Cu – 5% Cr – 5% Ag – 5% Al2O3; (f) 90% Cu – 5% Cr – 3% Ag – 2% Al2O3; (g) 90% Cu – 3% Cr – 7% Al2O3. In order to obtain the samples, the powders were weighed on a precision balance (according to each composition), mixed manually and cold-compacted in uniaxial press with 450 MPa pressure and sintered in an EDG furnace under 10-3 torr of mechanical vacuum and 650 °C in 6 h. The samples were prepared metallographically and observed in an optical microscope, the micrographs indicated coalescing of the copper particles and other metallic elements and formation of porosity (figure 1). The X-ray diffraction data were collected for samples (a) and (e) using graphite monochromator, copper tube, 25º ≤ 2θ ≥ 90º and Δ2θ = 0,02, from the diffractograms the mean crystallite size (𝐷) and microdeformation (𝜖) were calculated using the Williamson-Hall graphical method where the approximate line has a linear coefficient equal to 1/𝐷 and the angular coefficient is equal to 4𝜖/𝜆 [3]. In both samples were identified the expected phases, in agreement with the composition, and an undesirable phase of copper oxide (figure 2). The Williamson-Hall method was not used for all phases because it requires the identification of at least three peaks. Optical micrographs indicated presence of porosity inside the structure and partial homogeneity, due to the non-dissolution of the elements involved in the metal alloy, it is necessary to do further special thermal treatments. In some samples, a third phase was recognized, whose composition demands microanalyses to be properly identified. Through the diffractograms it was possible to identify the phase of copper oxide possibly coming from the sintering stage, this phase is not desirable or this composite because it negatively influences its electrical and mechanical properties. The Williamson-Hall method obtained a straight line with good correlation and suitable values of mean crystallite size and microdeformation for the copper phase.

    Palavras-Chave: copper alloys; corrosion resistance; composite materials; electric conductivity; powder metallurgy

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  • IPEN-DOC 27024

    DIAS, RENAN A.F. ; MONTEIRO, WALDEMAR A. . Microstrutural evolution of nickel-based superalloy processed by Equal-Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP). Acta Microscópica, v. 26, Supplement B, p. 71-72, 2017.

    Abstract: The present work shows the microstructural (under optical microscopy) and Vickers hardness evolution of a nickel-based superalloy Inconel 600 (alloy 600) before and after deformed by Equal-Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) that significantly modified the alloy microstructure and, consequently, its strength. Alloy 600 is an austenitic nickel-based superalloy with 72% nickel, 14-17% chromium and 6-10% iron and it is commonly used in structures and components that work in aggressive environments. The grain size plays a significant role in the mechanical properties in this alloy; so, it is important to understand how processing techniques modify the microstructure of the material. In fact, ECAP is a processing technique involving the application of severe plastic deformation (SPD) used in the manufacture of metals and alloys with ultra-fine grains (UFG) and therefore with extraordinary combinations of both high strength and high ductility [1]. For the research, alloy 600 rods, supplied by Multialloy, with 8 mm diameter, were heat treated at 1200 °C for 6 h (solution), as shown in Figs. 1a and 1b, to achieve a larger grain size. The generated products were machined to the final dimensions of the specimen (6 X 6 X 25 mm) shown in Fig. 1c and then processed by ECAP, at room temperature using route A, in a D2 tool steel die, whose angles Φ and Ψ are 120° and 0° (Fig. 1d). Samples were pressed repetitively through a total of three passes, the microstructural aspect of the samples after each pass are shown in Figs. 2 and 3 with different magnifications. Metallographic preparations were made in the transverse, longitudinal and normal directions, TD, LD and ND of each sample. Sanding step with grit 320, 600 and 1200 were used. Polishing steps included 3 um- and 1 um-diamond paste and 0.05 um-alumina suspension and finally they were etched for optical examination using Marble’s etchant (10 g CuSO4, 50 ml HCl and 50 ml H2O). The micrographs were taken with OLYMPUS optical microscope model BX51M, with magnifications of 100x and 200x. The hardness tests were conducted in a Buehler Micromet 2103 microdurometer in the LD of the samples. For each measurement, a load of 500 g was applied for 15 s. Five separate measurements were taken on each sample at randomly selected points and then averaged. In Figs. 1a and 1b, it is possible to see only 1 phase, a solid solution of Ni-Cr-Fe, a coarsed grain structure and annealing twins. There are slight changes in the microstructure after the first pass, some strain marks are seen. After the second and third passes the microstructure shows highly deformed grains, deformation and transition bands. The values of hardness (Tab. 1) show an increase after each pass. In summary, (1) the micrographs analysis shows all the transformations from an annealed state to a highly-deformed state; (2) the grains are yet elongated after 3 passes and possibly do not show an expected UFG structure; (3) deformation twinning is revealed and is possible to see strain marks, deformation and transition bands; (4) the hardness values increased due to the high strain imposed to the alloy.

    Palavras-Chave: heat resisting alloys; microstructure; pressing; vickers hardness

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  • IPEN-DOC 26944

    AFFONSO, REGINA ; SAMPAIO, SUELEN de B. ; JANUARIO, FAGNER S. ; PEREIRA, LARISSA M.; ARAGÃO, DANIELLE S.; CASARINI, DULCE E.; ELIAS, CAROLINE C. . A new approach to obtain the catalytic sites region of human sACE with correct fold and activity. Journal of Biotechnology and Biomaterials, v. 7, n. 1, p. 96-96, 2017. DOI: 10.4172/2155-952X.C1.071

    Abstract: Angiotensin-converting enzyme I (ACE) is a membrane-bound that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to the potent vasopressor angiotensin II. ACE is a key part of the renin-angiotensin system, which regulates blood pressure and is widely distributed throughout the body. There are two isoforms of human ACE, including the somatic ACE (sACE) present in somatic tissue and the testicular ACE (tACE) present in male germinal cells. The sACE possesses two domains, N- C- domains, with catalytic sites which exhibit 60% sequence identity. These domains differ in terms of chloride-ion activation profiles, rates of peptide hydrolysis of angiotensin I, bradykinin, Goralatide, Luliberin, substance P, angiotensina, beta-amyloid peptide and sensitivities to various inhibitors. A more detailed analysis shows that these regions are composed of HEMGH and EAIGD sequences that bind zinc ions to facilitate catalytic activity (Fig. 1). Our question is: If the synthesis of catalytic sites with corrects structure and activity could be a good model per si to study new drugs. The objective was to obtain the Ala361 a Gli468 and Ala959 to Ser1066 catalytic regions sACE in a structural conformation that resembles its native form. The catalytic regions were obtained from bacterial system; the expression of this protein in soluble form enables completion of the solubilization/purification steps without the need for refolding. The characterization of Ala959 to Ser1066 region shows that this has an α-helix and β-strand structure, Fig. 1b, which zinc ion (essential for its activity) binds to, and with enzymatic activity. Our conclusion is that the strategy used to obtain the Ala959 to Ser1066 region in the correct structural conformation and with activity was successful.

    Palavras-Chave: angiotensin; enzyme inhibitors; zinc ions; bacteria

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  • IPEN-DOC 26942

    GROSCHE, LUCAS C. ; FUNGARO, DENISE A. . Alkaline hydrothermal treatment of the waste produced in the semi-dry flue gas desulfurization system. Chemical Sciences Journal, v. 8, n. 3, p. 34-34, 2017. DOI: 10.4172/2150-3494-C1-011

    Abstract: Semi-dry flue gas desulfurization ash (SDA) is a byproduct generated from the desulfurization system of coal-fired power station. The beneficial reuse application for SDA material is relatively undeveloped and this residue is underutilized. SDA was used as raw material for the synthesis of zeolitic material by alkaline hydrothermal treatment. Different experimental conditions, such as, reaction time, temperature, alkali hydroxide concentration and solid/liquid ratio were studied. Raw ash material and synthesis products were characterized by XRD, XRF, particle size analyzer, TG-DTG-DTA and SDA was classified according to Brazilian Environmental Regulations. The results show that SDA has a higher CaO and SO3 content. The major minerals present in SDA are hannebachite, anhydrite, calcite, portlandite, gehlenite and sodium carbonate. The size of SDA particles is around 0.399-355.656 μM with median diameter of 7.63 μM. Thermal behavior of SDA was characterized by the existence of six and four stages under air and inert atmosphere, respectively. SDA can be classified as Class II A (non-dangerous/ non-inert) materials. The presence of zeolite hydroxysodalite confirms successful conversion of SDA into zeolitic material after activation in NaOH solutions. Along with the zeolitic product katoite, hydrocalumite and Al-substituted tobermorite were obtained. All the compounds formed present ionic exchange capacity. SDA utilization minimizes the environmental impact of disposal problems and further enables application for treatment of wastewater.

    Palavras-Chave: hydrothermal synthesis; acid neutralizing capacity; hydrothermal synthesis; ashes; coal; combustion; desulfurization; flue gas

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  • IPEN-DOC 26937

    COSTA, ANDREA da; ZORGI, NAHIARA E.; NASCIMENTO, NANCI do ; GALISTEO JUNIOR, ANDRES J.; ANDRADE JUNIOR, HEITOR F. de. Gamma irradiated soluble extracts of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites induced better humoral and cellular immune response due to preferential uptake by APCs scavenger receptors. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, v. 95, n. 5, S, p. 174-174, 2017. DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.abstract2016

    Abstract: Toxoplasmosis occurs in one-third of the adult world population, without adequate vaccines and causing disease in fetus or specific groups. Aside to sterilizing effect, gamma radiation acts on antigens inducing enhanced antisera production against snake venoms or cell and humoral response to recombinant leprosy proteins. Gamma radiation affects proteins directly or indirectly in water by action of oxidant radicals from water radiolysis. Early reports showed gamma irradiated crotoxin had enhanced uptake by macrophages, limited by scavenger receptors competitors, as probucol. Irradiated tachyzoites induced adequate immune response with protection, attributed to mitotic death and DNA damage. Irradiated proteins could take a part in this process and we study the immune response induced by gamma irradiated soluble extracts of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites, using mice immunized with native proteins as controls. Mice immunized with irradiated extracts without adjuvants showed significant protection after challenge with ME-49 (p<0.05) and RH (p<0.0001) strains compared to controls. There are increased specific and high avidity IgG production (p<0.05) when compare d to controls group. By flow cytometry and in vitro culture, spleens of mice immunized irradiated extract presented increased proliferation of CD4+, CD8+ and B cells and IFN-γ production as compared to controls. J774 cells had increased uptake of biotinylated irradiated extracts as compared to the uptake of native extract (p<0.05), due to longer and continuous uptake. All these data points to an alternative and effective uptake and immune processing of irradiated T. gondii extracts, probably due to specific receptor of oxidized proteins as scavenger receptors, resulting in enhanced immunity. This data also implies that irradiated proteins could be involved in the protection induced by irradiated parasites. Use of antigen gamma radiation can be a simple process to enhance vaccine efficiency, avoiding the use of adjuvants.

    Palavras-Chave: immunity; protozoa; proteins; gamma radiation; parasitic diseases

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  • IPEN-DOC 26936

    CAMPOS, L.M.P. ; BOARO, L.C.C. ; SANTOS, T.M.R. ; VARCA, G.H.C. ; SANTOS, L.K.G. ; LUGAO, A.B. ; PARRA, D.F. . Estudo da liberação de clorexidina incorporada em nanopartículas de montmorilonita em compósitos a base de BisGMA/TEGDMA. Brazilian Oral Research, v. 30, Supplement 1, p. 81-81, 2016.

    Abstract: O objetivo desse estudo foi desenvolver nanocompósitos experimentais adicionados com nanopartículas de Montmorilonita (MMT) incorporadas com diacetato de clorexidina (CHX) como carga, em uma matriz polimérica a base de BisGMA/TEGDMA (1:1). Foram confeccionados compósitos experimentais (n=5) adicionados com carga nas concentrações de 0.01, 0.5, 2 e 10% em massa (p/p). A liberação da CHX foi avaliada in vitro em uma solução neutra (pH 7, 50mm) a 37 oC, por 366 horas. A quantificação de CHX foi avaliada por espectrofotometria de UV (λ=255 nm). A formação de nanocompósitos foi avaliada por meio das metodologias Microscopia Eletrônica de Transmissão (MET) e Difração de Raio-X (DRX). Foi observada uma liberação de fármaco constante em todos os grupos analisados, de 0 a 366 horas. Ao atingir 366 horas, o grupo adicionado com 0,01% de carga apresentou 0.126 g.L-1 de liberação de CHX, o grupo com 0.5% apresentou 0.139 g.L-1, o grupo com 2% apresentou 0.150 g.L-1 e o grupo com 10% apresentou 0.151 g.L-1. Observou-se por meio do DRX e MET que houve intercalação entre a MMT (adicionada com CHX) e a matriz polimérica, em todos os grupos avaliados. Concluiu-se que houve a formação de nanocompósitos e que os mesmos promoveram constante liberação de CHX entre 0 a 366 horas. Esses resultados evidenciaram um forte potencial no desenvolvimento de nanocompósitos contendo fármaco antimicrobiano para aplicação odontológica.

    Palavras-Chave: antiseptics; nanoparticles; montmorillonite; thermal gravimetric analysis; polymers

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  • IPEN-DOC 26933

    THOMAZI, G.O.C. ; PREZOTTO NETO, J.P. ; ALVES, G.J. ; TURIBIO, T.O. ; AIRES, R.S. ; ROCHA, A.M. ; SEIBERT, C.S.; SPENCER, P.J. ; NASCIMENTO, N. . Redução da atividade edematogênica promovida pelo muco da raia de água doce Paratrygon aiereba utilizando soro produzido contra o muco irradiado com raios gama de 60Co. Anais da SBBN, v. 3, p. 47-47, 2016.

    Abstract: Introdução: As raias são peixes peçonhentos com ampla distribuição geográfica nos principais rios brasileiros e merecem destaque por estarem frequentemente associadas a acidentes em seres humanos. Estes agravos são frequentes na região Norte do país e favorecidos pelo hábito desses peixes de permanecerem em repouso no fundo arenoso ou lamacento de águas rasas e pela frequente utilização humana dos rios, seja por lazer ou atividades ocupacionais. Os ferimentos provocados pelos ferrões das raias são dolorosos, de difícil cicatrização, causam necroses extensas e fenômenos sistêmicos. O muco que recobre toda a extensão do corpo desses peixes pode aumentar a gravidade desses ferimentos. A escassez de estudos voltados para o tratamento específico das lesões oriundas dos agravos por esses peixes, a ausência de estudos com outros gêneros de raias dulcícolas e a possibilidade de produção de soro contra o veneno de raias estimularam o desenvolvimento deste estudo utilizando a radiação ionizante que tem se mostrado vantajosa na atenuação de toxinas animais, resultando na obtenção de melhores imunógenos para a produção de soros. Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar o potencial neutralizante dos soros anti-mucoda raia Paratrygonaierebanativo ou irradiado (2 kGy-60Co) contra a ação edematogênicado muco nativo. Método: Mediante aprovação da CEUA/IPEN/SP n°126/2013 e do ICMBion.º 45407-1/2014 foi desenvolvido este trabalho. O muco (50μg/mL) de P. aierebafoi incubado em banho-maria com os soros anti-muconativo ou soro anti-mucoirradiado diluídos de 1:100 ou 1:1.000 (soros de coelhos imunizados contra o muco nativo ou irradiado por 60Co de P. aiereba). Após a incubação, as amostras foram injetadas (30μL) no coxim plantar da pata posterior de camundongos Swissmachos, 18 a 20g, (n=30). A interferência na atividade edematogênicafoi verificada nos tempos de 1h, 2h, 4h e 24h após a inoculação. Em todos os animais foi verificado o volume inicial individual de cada pata antes da injeção das amostras. Os volumes foram mensurados em pletismômetroe os resultados expressos como a variação do volume em relação ao volume basal em μL por período (ExpBioMed. 239:601, 2014). A avaliação estatística foi realizada pela análise de variância com auxílio do softwareGraphPadPrism5.0. Resultados: O muco de P. aierebafoi capaz de induzir edema de 1h a 4h após a inoculação, com declínio de 4 a 24h (p<0,01 em relação aos controles). O soro anti-muconativo não foi capaz de inibir a formação do edema nas diluições testadas, sem diferença estatística com o edema induzido pelo muco (p>0,05). O soro anti-mucoirradiado diluído 1:100 apresentou interferência significativa na atividade edematogênicanas primeiras quatro horas (p<0,01). O soro anti-mucoirradiado 1:1000 foi capaz de diminuir a formação de edema nas 1ª e 4ª horas (p<0,01). O edema foi reduzido pelo soro anti-mucoirradiado pré-incubado com o muco não irradiado (nativo). Conclusão: Esse resultado mostra que além do muco irradiado ser capaz de estimular a proliferação de células de memória, ou seja, a produção de anticorpos IgGespecíficos, estas imunoglobulinas são capazes de reconhecer a fração responsável pela atividade edematogênica. Estes resultados nos permite concluir que o processo de irradiação tornou o muco da raia P. aierebamais antigênico.

    Palavras-Chave: cobalt 60; edema; fishes; fresh water; incubation; irradiation; mice; venoms; wounds; immune serums

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  • IPEN-DOC 26932

    SILVA, C.R. ; LUNA, A.C.L.; MARIA, D.A.; RIBEIRO, M.S. . Fotobiomodulação em células de câncer de mama após exposição à radiação ionizante. Anais da SBBN, v. 3, p. 56-56, 2016.

    Abstract: Introdução: A radioterapia vem sendo utilizada no tratamento de alguns tipos de câncer, causando alguns efeitos deletérios a células sadias adjacentes. A fotobiomodulação(PBM) surge como uma alternativa para modular processos inflamatórios e acelerar a cicatrização de lesões, no entanto, seu uso na Oncologia é limitado já que os efeitos da PBM em células tumorais são controversos. Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar os efeitos da PBM em células de câncer de mama após exposição à radiação gama. Métodos: As células de câncer de mama (MDA-MB-231) foram cultivadas em meio DMEM suplementado com 10 % de soro fetal bovino e armazenadas em incubadora com 5% CO2 a 37C. Uma concentração de células (1x105) foi colocada em placas de 96 poços em triplicata e exposta à radiação ionizante em um irradiador de fonte 60CO tipo Gamacellcom a dose de 10Gy(IR10). Vinte e quatro horas após a radiação ionizante, as células foram expostas à irradiação de um laser de emissão λ= 660nm, potência de saída de 40mW e área de 0,04cm². A distância entre o laser e a monocamada de células foi mantida constante de modo que o laser ficasse em contato direto com o fundo da placa. O tempo de exposição foi de 60 s (IR10+PMB60) e 120 s (IR10+PMB120), correspondendo às energias de 2,4 e 4,8J (PMB), respectivamente. Após vinte e quatro horas da exposição ao laser, foi verificada a viabilidade celular através do teste de exclusão com azul de tripane contagem em hemocitômetro, o ciclo celular, expressão de pcna, caspase3 e a proteína p53 utilizando a técnica de citometriade fluxo com canal de leitura em FL1-H do grupo não irradiado com radiação gama e não irradiado com laser (IR0+PMB0) e dos demais grupos. Os experimentos foram realizados em triplicata em três momentos distintos (n=9). A análise estatística foi realizada no programa OriginPro 8com os testes Shapiro Wilkpara testar normalidade, Anova One-Way para comparação das médias. O teste deTukeyfoi realizado para identificar diferenças significativas quando p<0,05. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos mostraram que durante o período experimental analisado, a PBM não influenciou na viabilidade celular (IR0+PMB0=25,95±1,07, IR10= 24,84±5,87, IR10+PMB60=26,11±1,69, IR10+PMB120=21,72±1,56, PMB= 23,45±0,33), na expressão de caspase3(IR0+PMB0=1,7±0,8,IR10=1,25±0,07,IR10+PMB60=1,00±0,30,IR10+PMB120=2,45±0,15, PMB= 1,55±0,75) e da proteína p53 (IR0+PMB0=5,35±1,75, IR10= 6,1±1,32,IR10+PMB60= 5,9±0,05, IR10+PMB120=6,35±1,15, PMB= 6,35±1,15), independente da energia utilizada. No ciclo celular foi possível verificar maior população nas fases S e G2/m, entretanto a expressão de pcna(IR0+PMB0=14,85±0,77,IR10=8,65±0,91,IR10+PMB60=4,35±0,85, IR10+PMB120=6,45±1,55, PMB= 6,0±0,8) não foi significativa, mas apresentou valores inferiores comparados ao grupo IR10. Conclusões: Em vista dos resultados apresentados verificamos que a PBM não influenciou a viabilidade celular, as expressões de caspase3, p53 e a expressão de pcna, independente da energia utilizada. Estes resultados sugerem que a PBM pode ser associada ao tratamento dos efeitos deletérios da radioterapia em pacientes oncológicos.

    Palavras-Chave: cobalt 60; gamma radiation; healing; inflammation; lambda particle beams; laser radiation; mammary glands; radiation effects; tumor cells; viability

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  • IPEN-DOC 26931

    CABRAL, F.V. ; SILVA, C.R. ; RIBEIRO, M.S. . Estudo da terapia fotodinâmica no tratamento de leishmaniose cutânea em um modelo murino. Anais da SBBN, v. 3, p. 57-57, 2016.

    Abstract: Introdução: Leishmanioses são doenças infecto-parasitárias, de evolução crônica, desenvolvidas por protozoários do gênero Leishmania. A forma cutânea abrange lesões destrutivas e ulceradas com diversas limitações no tratamento. O surgimento de terapias alternativas é fundamental devido à grande relevância da doença e elevada incidência. Nesse contexto, a terapia fotodinâmica (PDT) tem sido introduzida como possibilidade terapêutica, em função do baixo custo, mínima toxicidade, praticidade e sem relatos de resistência na literatura. Objetivos:Avaliar os efeitos da PDT no tratamento de leishmaniose cutânea induzida em camundongos BALB/c. Métodos: Este estudo foi aprovado pelo CEUA/IPEN sob o no. 70/10.Culturas de L.(L.)amazonensis(IFLA/BR/67/PH8) foram mantidas a 25oC em meio Grace com 10% de soro fetal bovino. Para a infecção, foram utilizados 16 camundongos BALB/c com 8 semanas e massa aproximada de 30g. Foram inoculados 1x106parasitos no membro posterior esquerdo dos animais, que foram monitorados por 4 semanas. O tamanho de ambos os membros de cada animal foi mensurado com um paquímetro, semanalmente. Após a quarta semana de infecção, os animais foram submetidos à PDT (azul de metileno a 100 μM, λ= 660 nm) e divididos em 4 grupos (n=4) de acordo com a densidade de energia utilizada: 50 J/cm2(G50), 100 J/cm2(G100), 150 J/cm2(G150) e grupo controle (GC=animais infectados e não tratados). Os animais foram anestesiados (quetamina, 90mg/kg e xilazina,10mg/kg) e acompanhados durante 3 semanas pós-PDT para avaliar a evolução da lesão, dor e carga parasitária. Para estimar a altura da lesão, a diferença entre os dados obtidos da pata infectada e contralateral sem infecção foi calculada e normalizada. A avaliação da dor foi obtida através do método von Frey, que é um teste de pressão crescente utilizado em animais. Uma escala de dor de 1 a 6 foi estipulada (1= pouca e 6= grande sensibilidade). Para a carga parasitária, o tecido da lesão foi macerado, filtrado, centrifugado, ressuspendidoem meio e semeado em placas de 96 poços e realizada a diluição limitante até o último poço, com fator de diluição 10. A placa foi incubada a 25ºC por 7 dias. A análise estatística foi obtida no programa Prism6, com os testes Anova Two-WayeTukey. Os resultados foram considerados significativos quando p<0,05. Resultados:Os resultados indicaram que houve diferença estatística no tamanho da lesão entre os grupos GC e G150 (GC= 259,3%23,6, G150= 175%19,1), (GC= 292,1%51, G150= 195,3%32,1) 2 e 3 semanas após a PDT, respectivamente. Na escala de dor, observamos diferenças significativas entre GC e G150 (GC= 5,750,5, G150= 4,250,5), (GC= 6, G150= 1,250,5) após 2 e 3 semanas, respectivamente e GC e G100 após 3 semanas (GC= 6, G100= 4,250,5). Porém, nos resultados da carga parasitária não foi observada diferença significativa. Conclusão:O presente estudo mostrou que a terapia fotodinâmica reduziu o tamanho da lesão e aliviou a dor em leishmaniose cutânea induzida em camundongos, sugerindo que a PDT pode ter influenciado no processo inflamatório. Estes resultados encorajam mais estudos para compreensão dos mecanismos da PDT no tratamento de leishmaniose cutânea.

    Palavras-Chave: parasitic diseases; skin diseases; parasites; photosensitivity; therapy; photochemistry

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  • IPEN-DOC 26930

    BARBEZAN, A.B. ; SALES, B.R.; MARTINS, R. ; BUENO, J.B. ; SANTELLI, G.M.M.; VILLAVICENCIO, A.L.C.H. . Avaliação do potencial citotóxico da 2-tetradecilciclobutana em células hepáticas linhagem HepG2: estudos in vitro. Anais da SBBN, v. 3, p. 43-43, 2016.

    Abstract: Introdução: A irradiação de alimentos é um método eficaz e seguro para a preservação e armazenamento em longo prazo, é aprovado para utilização em mais de 60 países para diversas aplicações em uma ampla variedade de produtos alimentares (Agric. Food Chem. 51; 927, 2003. Food Chem. 201; 52-58, 2016). Este processo é realizado através da utilização de feixes de elétrons acelerados, raios-X ou radiação gama (60Co ou 137Cs). As 2-Alcilciclobutanonas (2-ACBs) são os únicos produtos radiolíticos conhecidos gerados a partir de alimentos que possuem ácidos graxos (Triglicérides) e são submetidos à irradiação (J. Food Protc. 67; 142, 2004. T. Food Scie.Tech. 44; 66-78, 2015). O ácido analisado neste estudo é o esteárico que quando irradiado forma 2-Tetradecilciclobutanona (2-tDCB). Desde a década de 1990 estudos toxicológicos de segurança das 2-ACBs tem sido conduzido extensivamente através de compostos sintéticos. Testes de mutagenicidade das 2-ACBs realizados indicam claramente que nenhuma evidência foi observada, enquanto estudos de viabilidade apresentaram citotoxicidade notada através da morte celular (Food Scie. Tech. 44; 66-78, 2015). Parte das 2-ACBs ingeridas é excretada através das fezes e parte ficam depositadas em tecidos adiposos. Estudos realizados até o momento foram somente em células de cólon. A linhagem escolhida para este trabalho é derivada de células hepáticas uma vez que o acumulo de gordura neste órgão é bastante comum. Objetivo: Avaliar possíveis danos citotóxicos, através do teste de viabilidade celular MTT observando a influência de diversas concentrações da 2-tDCB em diferentes tempos de incubação em células hepáticas da linhagem HepG2. Métodos: O composto 2-tDCB foi solubilizado em etanol a 2%. A linhagem celular escolhida é derivada de hepatocarcinoma humano (HepG2) e foi cultivada em meio de cultura suplementado com 10% de soro fetal bovino. As células foram plaqueadas na densidade de 5x103 cél/poço em uma placa de 96 poços. O efeito citotóxico da 2-tDCB foi avaliado nas concentrações de 100, 300 e 500μM, durante 24 e 48 horas. Os testes foram realizados de acordo com instruções do kit CellTiter96 Aqueus Non-radioactive Cell Proliferation Assay, em triplicatas (biológica e experimental) e os resultados foram analisados pelo programa Prisma GraphPad. Resultados: A linhagem tratada com 2-tDCB em 24 e 48h não apresentou citotoxicidade em nenhuma das concentrações avaliadas. Conclusão: Não houve inviabilidade causada pelo composto 2-tDCB na linhagem de células hepática estudadas, nenhum dano foi observado em nenhuma das variações pesquisadas. Estudos mais aprofundados são necessários para identificar os mecanismos moleculares pela qual o composto em questão atua.

    Palavras-Chave: carboxylic acids; carcinomas; irradiation; liver cells; radiation effects; toxicity; viability; animal cells; diseases; neoplasms; organic acids; somatic cells

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  • IPEN-DOC 26918

    FUNGARO, DENISE A. . Estabilização de solo contaminado com zinco usando zeólitas sintetizadas a partir de cinzas de carvão. Revista Água e Meio Ambiente Subterrâneo, v. 7, n. 43, p. 28-28, 2015.

    Palavras-Chave: zeolites; coal; ashes; soils; contamination; stabilization

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  • IPEN-DOC 26914

    SOUZA, C.D. de ; ROSTELATO, M.C.M. ; CARDOSO, R.M.; ARAKI, K.; MOURA, J. . New methodology for binding Iodine-125 onto silver for brachytherapy sources manufacture. Medical Physics, v. 44, n. 6, p. 2828-2828, 2017. DOI: 10.1002/mp.12304

    Abstract: Purpose: Cancer is a major health care problem in Brazil and the world. The Brazil’s National Institute for Cancer estimates around 60,000 new prostate cancer cases for 2017. We are assembling a laboratory for production of iodine-125 sources used in prostate brachytherapy in Brazil, since the imported treatment is extremely expensive, thus only available in the private healthcare sector. There are several challenges when developing a laboratory to produce radioactive sources. From choosing a prototype to radiation safety, the task is enormous. The whole production line is full of new process and innovations. Among those, a new chemical reaction that deposit iodine-125 onto silver (core) was developed. This paper presents a new reaction for binding iodine-125 into a silver core. The fixation percentage was calculated by measuring the activity in an ionization chamber. This methodology will be implemented at the iodine-125 sources manufacture laboratory. Methods: Silver cores are washed with an etching solution (100% sulfuric acid) for 5 minutes with sonication. The cores were then placed in sodium sulfate for at least 3 days. They went from a silver matte to a black color. The reaction was allowed to proceed overnight. Each core was individually measured. Results: The yield was 69.2% 7.1%. Considering the silver attenuation is around 20% the results were consider satisfactory. Conclusion: By maximize the reaction yield, we will be able to generate a less costly product that will be available through our public healthcare.

    Palavras-Chave: brachytherapy; iodine 125; silver; neoplasms; therapy

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  • IPEN-DOC 26913

    RODRIGUES, B.T. ; ROSTELATO, M.C.M. ; SOUZA, C.D. de ; ZEITUNI, C. ; MOURA, E.S. de; SOUZA, D.B. de ; TOZETTI, C.; RODRIGUES, B. . New core configuration for producing Iodine 125 seeds. Medical Physics, v. 44, n. 6, p. 2828-2829, 2017. DOI: 10.1002/mp.12304

    Abstract: Purpose: Cancer is one of the most complex public health problems. Prostate cancer is the second most common among men. In prostate brachytherapy use Iodine-125, which is fixated on a silver substrate, then inserted and sealed in a titanium capsule. This work proposes a new source configuration using epoxy resin substrate. Methods: Comparation and analysis methods were used to define the methodology for combining iodine-125 in polymers. The parameters were immersion time, reaction type, concentration of the adsorption solution, specific activity of the radioactive solution, need for carrier and chemical form of radioactive iodine. Results: The methodology developed with an epoxy resin was very good. The final radioactive intake on the resin was higher than 80%. The immobilization of the radioactive solution occurred in the matrix, without any loss or deposition of undesirable materials on its surface, as evidenced by the smear test. The material maintains its integrity when autoclaved at 140 °C. The curing process of the resin was 40 minutes. With the value of the initial activity of the Iodine solution by mass (774.2 lCi/g), it was possible to calculate the immobilization efficiency Average of 680 lCi/g. The immersion test in distilled water at room temperature did not exceed the limit allowed by ISO 9978, which is 5 nCi (185 Bq), proof of no leakage. In a computational simulation by the Monte Carlo Method, PENELOPE, the simulations were consistent with the values adopted by the literature for the GE Healthcare model 6711, which shows the value of the dose rate constant as 0, 965 cGy.U-1.h-1. Conclusion: The effective method for combining iodine-125 in epoxy resin was determinated. The major advantage was the high efficiency percentage fixation, around 82,1 3,2%, and the simplicity and safety of the process.

    Palavras-Chave: neoplasms; prostate; iodine 125; polymers; epoxides; resins

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  • IPEN-DOC 26912

    RODRIGUES, B.T. ; SOUZA, P.D. de ; SOUZA, C.D. de ; ROSTELATO, M.C.M. ; ZEITUNI, C. ; NOGUEIRA, B.R. ; MARQUES, J. de O. ; SOUZA, A.S. de . Methodology for in vivo dosimetry using TLD-100 for radiotherapic treatment. Medical Physics, v. 44, n. 6, p. 2898-2899, 2017. DOI: 10.1002/mp.12304

    Abstract: Cancer is a public health problem that affects approximately 27 million people worldwide. The most common type in Brazil among men is prostate cancer with 61 thousand cases. There are two forms of radiotherapy treatments that can be used: teletherapy and brachytherapy. Before starting the teletherapy treatment, a planning is done that makes the acquisition of the anatomical information of the patient to then classify the areas of interest. Dosimetry is performed as a quality control to ensure that the calculated dose is equal to that received by the patient. In vivo dosimetry acts as an independent measurement and this work aims at comparing the dosimetry performed using thermoluminescent dosimeters (LiF: Mg, Ti - TLD - 100) with dose values calculated in the planning system (TPS). Methods: All dosimeters were prepared to be used in an anthropomorphic phantom. A selection of dosimeters, 50 micro TLD’s, selected after heat treatment, were then irradiated and a reading was made. A case planned by TPS was selected and compared the dosimetry performed in an anthropomorphic phantom for the same case. Results: All values obtained were within the deviation ( 5%) allowed by the protocol. The results of this work will help to implement a new quality program in the Radiotherapy Service at Hospital das Cl ınicas de S~ao Paulo. Conclusion: The accurate dosimeter selection provided a feasible and reliable evaluation that enabled the comparison.

    Palavras-Chave: neoplasms; prostate; radiotherapy; brachytherapy; thermoluminescent dosimetry

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  • IPEN-DOC 26911

    SOUZA, D.B. de ; ROSTELATO, M.C.M. ; VICENTE, R. ; ZEITUNI, C. ; SOUZA, C.D. de ; RODRIGUES, B.T. ; MARQUES, J. de O. ; CARVALHO, V. ; BARBOSA, N. . Measurement of Iodine-125 radioactive solid waste derived from sources production laboratory for brachytherapy. Medical Physics, v. 44, n. 6, p. 2974-2975, 2017. DOI: 10.1002/mp.12304

    Abstract: Purpose: This study aims to present a solid waste management plan for the laboratory of radioactive sources production (LPFR), iodine-125 brachytherapy seeds, located at the Energy and Nuclear Research Institute (IPEN). After the implementation, it is expected to meet a demand of 8000 seeds per month. Methods: Waste from the production of Iodine-125 sources is classified as “Very Low Level Waste Disposal” (T1/2 ≤ 100 days) in the IAEA regulations. Despite that, they have levels of activity above the limits established in standard (CNEN 8.01) needing adequate management in order to guarantee the safety of the installation, operators and environment. The solid waste is generated in Glove box 1, were the fixation reaction (iodine-125 – core) takes place. The wastes from this production are absorbent papers and filters used in surface and air decontamination processes; glass vials, syringes and needles, used in the fixation reaction. Measures of mass, volume and values of activities generated over 5 years of production were performed for each glove box by estimating different scenarios throughout production (supplier switching, variation in activity by radioactive source, etc.). The concentration of activity was also determined in order to meet the criteria established in the standard for safe release of the waste. Results: The final volumes and activities calculated indicated that the laboratory has enough space for temporary storage until the release to the environment (thus not requiring treatment, transport, and another place for management). The data collected proved that a secure management system for radioactive waste within the facility is possible. Conclusion: The management proposed by this work was able to safely contemplate all stages of waste management. This data is indispensable for the construction and licensing of the laboratory.

    Palavras-Chave: radioactive waste management; solid wastes; iodine 125; brachytherapy; regulations; waste disposal

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  • IPEN-DOC 26910

    BAPTISTA, T. ; ROSTELATO, M.C.M. ; ZEITUNI, C. ; PERINI, E.A. ; SOUZA, C.D. de ; MARQUES, J. de O. ; NOGUEIRA, B.R. ; ANGELOCCI, L.V. . Efficiancy of hydrogen peroxide for cleaning production areas and equipments in the Laboratory for Brachyterapy Sources Production. Medical Physics, v. 44, n. 6, p. 2828-2828, 2017. DOI: 10.1002/mp.12304

    Abstract: Purpose: A great challenge in the brachytherapy sources production is to fulfill the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs) requirements, involving the process validation and of all supporting activities such as cleaning and sanitization. The increasingly strict requirements for quality assurance system, with several norms, normative resolutions and rules that must follow both medical products and radiochemical requirements, has led to a constant validation concerns. The main goal of GMP is to reduce inherent risks such as product contamination with microorganisms and cross-contamination. Methods: In the Laboratory for Brachytherapy Sources Production it was established a cleaning program for cleanrooms and hot cells using a hydrogen peroxide solution (6%). This work aims to assess the effectiveness of this cleaning agent in reducing and/or eliminating microbial load into the cleanrooms and equipments to acceptable levels in accordance with the current legislation. Results: The analysis was conducted using the results of the environmental monitoring program with settling contact plates in cleanrooms after the cleaning procedures. Furthermore, it was possible to evaluate the action of the sanitizing agent on the microbial population at the equipment and cleanrooms’ surfaces. It was also evaluated the best way to accomplish the cleaning program considering the dosimetry factor in each production process, hence the importance of radiological contamination. All the following environmental monitoring procedures presented satisfactory results, showing that the cleaning procedures was able to reduce and maintain the acceptable levels of viable and non-viable particles for the cleanroom classification (ISO 5 and ISO 7). The cleaning process with this sanitizer (hydrogen peroxide) can be performed quickly right before the production; allowing the production of brachytherapy sources without after use residues. Conclusion: This data will help the production of a clean and reliable product.

    Palavras-Chave: radiopharmaceutical; isotope production; cleaning; equipment; clean rooms; pollution sources; contamination; hydrogen peroxide

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  • IPEN-DOC 26891

    YOSHIMURA, TANIA ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Photobiomodulation activates glucose uptake in brown adipose tissue of obese mice. Lasers in Medical Science, v. 35, n. 1, p. 280-280, 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02900-7

    Abstract: Mammal fat consists ofwhite and brown adipose tissues (WATand BAT). Although most fat is energy-storing WAT, brown adipocytes dissipate energy as heat. Obese subjects exhibit BAT hyporesponsiveness to classical stimuli as cold, hence increasing BAT thermogenic capacity could be an i n t er e s t i n g t a rget f o r t r eating obesity. Photobiomodulation (PBM) seems to be a feasible alternative to activate BAT, although it has not been applied for this purpose until now. In this study, adult C57Bl/6 mice were fed with a hyperlipidic diet (HF) during 15 weeks to induce obesity. Then, they were divided into two groups: HF and HF660. The interscapular BAT of HF660 mice was exposed to a single irradiation using a 662 ± 20 nm LED (5.7 Jcm-2 at 19 mWcm-2, delivered during 300 s). The HF group was sham-irradiated. Eutrophic animals were also used. Animals received 200 mCi of 18F-FDG and were exposed to cold for basal register of PET-CT images. After PBM or sh am treat ment, mice were once again exposed to cold before PET-CT image acquisition. Our results showed that PBM was able to activate BAT in obese mice through higher glucose uptake. In contrast, PBM and shamirradiated normal fed mice presented similar levels of glucose uptake. Taking together, our findings suggest that PBM applied to the BAT is able to promote glucose uptake by obese mice and could be an interesting approach to manage obesity and its correlated morbidities.

    Palavras-Chave: adipose tissue; glucose; metabolic diseases; mice; irradiation

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  • IPEN-DOC 26890

    NUNEZ, SILVIA C.; SILVA, IVES C. da; NASCIMENTO, JONATHAN S.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. . Methodological study of photobiomodulation anti-edematous effects on carrageenan-induced inflammation on zebrafish. Lasers in Medical Science, v. 35, n. 1, p. 288-289, 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02900-7

    Abstract: The anti-inflammatory action of Photobiomodulation (PBM) is one of its most reproducible effects in vivo. New models to study PBMeffects and to investigate light dosimetry may bring different perspectives on the field. Based on the importance of establishing new experimental models and the advantages of using zebrafish for screening new drugs with potential anti-inflammatory effects the present investigation evaluated the effect of PBM on carragenan-induced abdominal edema in zebrafish. Thirty Danio rerio (± 1 g) zebrafish were randomly divided into five aquariums with 0.25L of water to establish three treatments: T1 - Naive non-treated; T2 – Saline 0.9%-injected; T3 - carrageenan-injected (CG) 3.5% in the coelomic cavity. T4 –injected (CG) 3.5% and treated with a diode laser λ=808nm, 50mWand 0.5J T5 –same parameters with 1J and T6 -1.5J. Abdominal volumes were measured by a caliper and the area was calculated 4 hours post-indu ction. Four hours after edema induction the results revealed an increase in the abdominal area of fish injected with CG 3.5% compared to negative control. The animals injected with CG and treated with PBM exhibited a reduction in abdominal edema in a dose-dependent manner. The 0.5J energy did not present a significant reduction compare do control (p=0.18), the 1J and 1.5J groups presented a significant difference (p=0.027 and p=0.005 respectively). The 1.5J group was not different from negative control (T2) p=0.37. The present study identified that zebrafish may represent a good model to investigate PBM effects and the response was dose dependent.

    Palavras-Chave: inflammation; fishes; antipyretics; dosimetry; biological effects

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  • IPEN-DOC 26889

    SILVA, C.R. ; RIBEIRO, M.S. . Effects of photobiomodulation on breast tumor- bearing mice before radiotherapy. Lasers in Medical Science, v. 35, n. 1, p. 269-269, 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02900-7

    Abstract: Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been studied to modify the cellular response to ionizing radiation. However, its combination with radiotherapy (RT) has not been reported in cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of PBM applied before RT on breast tumor-bearing mice. Female BALB/c mice were inoculated with breast 4T1 cells into mammary fat pad and divided into 4 groups (n =5 per group): control (with no treatment), only RT, and PBM combined to RT in two different protocols. RT was locally applied using a 60Co source with dose of 60 Gy in fractions of 15 Gy. For PBM, a red laser (660 nm, 500 mW/cm2) was used in two regimes: single exposure 24 h before RT (fluence of 150 J/cm2) and immediately before each RT session (fluence of 37.5 J/cm2 per session). After treatment, tumor volume, platelets, white and red blood cell levels were evaluated during 14 days. Our results showed no statistically significant differen ces in t umor volume, platelet and red blood cell levels comparing control, RT and PBM+RT groups. However, PBM was able to sustain normal white blood cell levels compared to RT and control groups. In addition, mice that received PBM concomitant with RT presented a longer survival. In fact, for this group only 12.5 % of the animals died during experimental period. These findings indicate that PBM could be combined to RT to provide therapeutic anti-cancer benefits.

    Palavras-Chave: ionizing radiations; therapy; neoplasms; tumor cells; mice; mammary glands; radiotherapy

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  • IPEN-DOC 26888

    CONTATORI, C.G. de S. ; SILVA, C.R. ; YOSHIMURA, T.M. ; RIBEIRO, M.S. . Effects of low-level laser irradiation on VEGF expression of melanoma cell lines. Lasers in Medical Science, v. 35, n. 1, p. 269-269, 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02900-7

    Abstract: Impact of low-level laser irradiation on tumor cell lines remains controversial. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key molecule to form new blood vessels, which contribute for cancer development and growth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different light fluences on human melanoma SKMEL 37 cells and murine melanoma B16F10 cells using a near infrared laser (λ= 780 nm) with output power of 40 mW delivering energies of 1.2, 3.6 and 6 J (fluences of 30, 90 and 150 J/cm2, respectively). The cell lines were irradiated 24 h after they were seeded in a 96-well plate at a density of 5x103 cells per well, in triplicate at three different days. Following irradiation, both cell line supernatants were stored in Eppendorf tubes at - 20°C until VEGF-A expression measurement. Specific ELISA kits were used according to cell line (murine or human). Samples and standard solutions were added in a 96-well plate antibody-coated and incuba ted over night at 4°C. Reagent dilution and set time followed fabricant instructions. The stop solution was added and the absorbance was read in a microplate reader at 450 nm. Results showed a non-statistically significant difference among treated and control groups for both cell lines. These findings indicate that irradiation with near infrared laser does not influence VEGF expression on melanoma cell lines regardless the fluence used and should be tested to prevent cancer growth in preclinical assays.

    Palavras-Chave: laser radiation; low dose irradiation; doses; irradiation; tumor cells; melanomas; enzyme immunoassay

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  • IPEN-DOC 26684

    PEREIRA, S.T. ; SILVA, C.R. ; RIBEIRO, M.S. . A single application of low-level light therapy in breast cancer-bearing mice: impact on blood cell count. Lasers in Medical Science, v. 35, n. 1, p. 274-274, 2020. DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02900-7

    Abstract: Low-level light therapy (LLLT) has been used in healthcare as a therapeutic strategy for diseases of various aetiologies. However, its effects on cancer is controversial. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of different light doses on blood cell count of breast cancer-bearing mice after a single application of LLLT. Tumour was induced by inoculation of 4T1 cells into the mammary fat pad of female BALB/c mice. Tumour volume was monitored with a digital calliper and when it reached 100 mm3, animals were irradiated by a red LED irradiator (660 ± 20 nm) at irradiance of 24.3 mW/cm2. The animals were randomly divided into groups (n= 5/group) that received energy densities of 1.8, 5.6 and 9.4 J/cm2. Control group was equally manipulated but did not receive irradiation. After treatment, data as tumour volume, platelets, white and red cell levels were registered weekly during 21 days. Our results showed that irradiated groups presented a longer survival compared to the control group, although no significant differences were observed among groups regarding tumour volume. Platelet levels of the irradiated groups remained closer to the reference values of healthy animals. Regarding the total number of white and red cells, no significant differences were observed between control and treated groups. These findings indicate that LLLT in a single application did not arrest tumour growth but may maintain platelet levels to increase survival of mice regardless the energy density protocol used.

    Palavras-Chave: blood cells; light emitting diodes; neoplasms; dose rates; blood platelets

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  • IPEN-DOC 26856

    BOAS, CRISTIAN W.V. ; SILVA, JEFFERSON de J. ; BENEDETTO, RAQUEL ; MENGATTI, JAIR ; ARAUJO, ELAINE B. de . 177Lu-PSMA-617: Brazilian experience. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, v. 60, supplement 1 200, 2019.

    Abstract: Introduction: PSMA-617 radiolabeled with lutetium-177 has shown good results in compassionate studies around the world, and there is great interest in this kind of therapy in Brazil. The Nuclear and Research Institute (IPEN-CNEN) in São Paulo city, is a national radiopharmaceutical producer and the distribution of radiopharmaceuticals for therapy in a country of continental dimensions such as Brazil, becomes a challenge from the standpoint of guaranteeing the stability of the product. This work evaluated the scheduling of pilot batches for the production of 177Lu-PSMA-617 and studied the effect of dilution and freezing on the stability of mono-doses of the product. Materials and Methods: Radiolabeling of PSMA-617 (ABX, Germany) with lutetium-177 (JSC, Russia) was performed in heating block at 90 °C for 30 minutes, 37 GBq (1 Ci), 500 μg of peptide and sodium ascorbate (0,5 M pH 4,7) as buffer. At the end of the radiolabel, 0,5 mL of DTPA solution (4 mg/mL pH 4,5) was added and the product was diluted with an appropriate volume of saline solution 0,9%. The final product was filtrated in 0.22 membrane and the doses were fractionated (7,4 GBq calibrated for 24 hours in approximately 2,4 mL) and conditioned in appropriate lead chambers inside a dry ice bucket for transport simulation. The radiochemical purity (RP) was evaluated in a stability study at, 24 and 48 hours by TLC and HPLC. The radionuclidic purity, sterility and bacterial endotoxins were also evaluated. Results and discussion: The radiopharmaceutical was stable after 48 hours (99.47% TLC and 99.39% HPLC), and was approved in radionuclidic, sterility and endotoxins assays. The vials fractionated in mono-doses calibrated for 24 hours showed high stability through freezing and dilution, which allowed the transportation to the Cancer Hospital of Barretos, distant 420 km from the production center in São Paulo. All these mono-doses were administrated to the patients after 24 hours of the production. Also, these results denote that is possible to scale up this production until 74 GBq and be used in a clinical trial that is being planned. Conclusions: These carried out experiments demonstrated that it is possible to produce 177Lu-PSMA-617 for use in clinical trials in Brazil. Until now, four patients are under treatment (compassionate use). Also, these results demonstrate that it is still possible to increase production activity to 74 GBq, just like is normally done with 177Lu-DOTATATE.

    Palavras-Chave: lutetium 177; radiopharmaceuticals; prostate; neoplasms; brazil

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  • IPEN-DOC 26740

    SUZUKI, M.F. ; OLIVEIRA, J.E. ; DAMIANI, R.; LIMA, E.R.; AMARAL, K.C. ; SILVA, F.M.; BARTOLINI, P. . Human bone morphogenetic protein (hBMP)-2 characterization by physical chemical, immunological and biological assays. Journal of Biotechnology, v. 305, S, p. S10-S10, 2019. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.05.050

    Abstract: Commercial preparations of human-met-BMP-2 (GenScript) and of CHO-derived hBMP-2 (Infuse-Medtronic) provided a complete characterization of this protein, which belongs to the “transforming growth factors β” superfamily, via SDS-PAGE, Western blotting, reversed-phase HPLC, high-performance size-exclusion chromatography and MALDI-TOF-MS. E.coli-derived met-hBMP-2 has shown a large presence of dimer (MM= 26,054 Da), versus a theoretic value of 26,072 Da. More complex was the distribution of the CHO-derived product, whose exact MM has never been reported due to variable glycosylation: via MALDI-TOF-MS a dimer (28,732 Da) and a large amount of monomer (14,377 Da) were found. A novel method based on RP-HPLC was also validated for hBMP-2 qualitative and quantitative analysis directly in ongoing culture media. The classical “in vitro” bioassay, via alkaline phosphatase induction in murine myoblastic cells C2C12, confirmed that hBMP-2 bioactivity is mostly related to the dimer, being ∼6-fold higher for the CHO-derived glycosylated form. Considering that hBMP-2 is a highly effective osteoinductors, plays an important role during bone regeneration and repair, as well as during embryonic development, and presents an extremely high aggregate value, we believe that these data pave the way to the characterization of this important factor when obtained by DNA recombinant techniques in different host cells.

    Palavras-Chave: proteins; skeleton; human populations; bone cells; cho cells; bioassay; escherichia coli; connective tissue cells

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  • IPEN-DOC 26695

    GUILHEN, SABINE N. . The importance of pyrolytic temperature on biochar configuration as uranium adsorbent material. Advances in Engineering, 2019.

    Palavras-Chave: chars; coal; adsorbents; uranium; radioactive wastes; pyrolytic carbon; radioisotopes

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  • IPEN-DOC 26530

    SCAGLIUSI, SANDRA R. ; CARDOSO, ELIZABETH C.L. ; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. . Butyl rubber recycling by means of gamma radiation followed by mechanical shear. International Journal of Waste Resources, v. 8, p. 53-54, 2018. DOI: 10.4172/2252-5211-C1-011

    Abstract: Polymeric materials (plastics and rubbers) cover a continuously raising proportion of urban and industrial solid wastes discarded in landfills and consequently their impact on environment are more and more concern. Rubbers exhibit a very slow natural decomposition due to their chemical structure weather resistant as well to enzymatic degradation and to microorganisms. Rubber recovering is hampered by its insolubility caused by crosslinked structures. Besides, this tridimensional structure causes various problems for material recovering and reprocessing. Just 8% to 12% of polymeric residues are thermoplastic polymers; remaining are elastomers especially post consumption tires. It is relevant to emphasize that the crosslinking is essential for practical use of rubber and this process is worldwide known as vulcanizing process, discovered by North American Charles Goodyear. The implementation of new technologies in order to reduce polymeric residues, acceptable from the environmental viewpoint and at an effective cost proved to be a great problem due to inherent complexities for polymers reuse. Ionizing radiation has capacity to change structure and properties of polymeric materials. Butyl rubbers have been used in wide scale within a variety of applications such as tires spare-parts and diverse artifacts. Major effect of high energy photon, such as gamma rays in butyl and halo-butyl rubbers is the creation of free radicals accompanied by changes in mechanical properties. This work aims to the development of processes of controlled degradation (de-vulcanizing) of butyl rubber in order to characterize their availability for modification and changes of their properties. Experimental results obtained showed that butyl rubbers irradiated at 25 kGy and further sheared can be used as the starting point for mixtures with pristine rubber.

    Palavras-Chave: rubbers; recycling; gamma radiation; ionizing radiations; environmental protection; shear; mechanical properties; tensile properties

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  • IPEN-DOC 22303

    RIELLA, HUMBERTO . Da pesquisa básica à produção. Brasil Nuclear, v. 25, n. 49, p. 33-33, 2018.

    Observação: Depoimento

    Palavras-Chave: nuclear fuells; fuel cycle centers; fuel fabrication plants; uranium dioxide; fuel plates; scientific personnel

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  • IPEN-DOC 26095

    ZACARIAS, ENIO A. ; GOMES, ALISSANDRA de M. ; JESUS, GUSTAVO P.P. de ; YOSIDAKI, VANESSA de L. ; BARTOLINI, PAOLO ; PERONI, CIBELE N. . Efficiency comparison between vectors containing the genomic or complementary DNA sequences of human growth hormone in an animal model of gene therapy. Journal of Cell Science & Therapy, v. 10, p. 34-34, 2019. DOI: 10.4172/2157-7013-C2-053

    Abstract: Our group has been working with gene therapy models for growth hormone deficiency. We are using an in vivo approach in which expression vectors containing the growth hormone (GH) gene are administered in mice, followed by electrotransference. In previous studies, elevated levels of human GH (hGH) in mice serum (~20 ng/ mL) and high growth approximation to normal mice (catch-up growth) of ~70% for body weight and of ~80% for femur length were obtained, using a plasmid containing the genomic sequence (gDNA) of GH with the ubiquitin-C promoter. On the other hand, we had an indication that the complementary sequence (cDNA) may have an advantage over gDNA in gene therapy protocols. Our objective is to carry out a comparative study between vectors containing the hGH gDNA or cDNA sequences. First, the two vectors were analyzed for in vitro expression levels by transfecting HEK-293 cells. Expression levels reached 250+50 ng hGH/mL for gDNA and 20+9.4 ng hGH/mL for cDNA transfected cells. Although in vitro expression of cDNA-containing vector was lower than that containing gDNA, we believe the cDNA vector may have better expression in vivo, due to a possible better incorporation by the muscle cells in electrotransference. Then, bioassays will be performed administering these vectors into dwarf mice, via electrotransference in the muscle. This will verify the expression profile of GH in vivo, concerning levels and durability, as well as body weight, total body, tail and femur length, mouse insulin-like growth factor-1 levels and catch-up growth.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26094

    JESUS, GUSTAVO P.P. de ; GOMES, ALISSANDRA de M. ; ZACARIAS, ENIO A. ; YOSIDAKI, VANESSA de L. ; BARTOLINI, PAOLO ; PERONI, CIBELE N. . Intramuscular growth hormone plasmid DNA eletrotransfer effects on bone quality in a murine model of osteogenesis imperfecta. Journal of Cell Science & Therapy, v. 10, p. 36-36, 2019. DOI: 10.4172/2157-7013-C2-053

    Abstract: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a congenital dysplasia of connective tissue characterized mainly by fragility and low bone density. The type I OI, a mild form of the disease, is associated with the quantitative decrease of type I collagen in the extracellular matrix, a characteristic also observed in the oim mice used in pre-clinical OI research. Previous studies have shown the efficiency of recombinant human growth hormone (GH) treatment for OI, both in animal and human models, reducing bone fragility, increasing bone density and stimulating α 1 and α 2 procollagen synthesis. This work aimed at using plasmid containing the murine GH (mGH) gene to treat oim heterozygous mice. Serological quantification of mGH by ELISA was carried out to evaluate the plasmid expression, bone density by DEXA and three-point flexion test were performed on the femurs to assess bone quality. In a short-term (3-day) trial, mGH levels of treated animals were 20.6±6.6 ng/mL, versus 3.3±2.2 ng/mL for those receiving saline and 2.3±1.3 ng/mL for the untreated wild-type group. A 90-day assay with plasmid applications at 0, 30 and 60 days was performed in parallel. The results of bone density showed greater effectiveness of the hormone during the first month of treatment, with a 34% increase in comparison with the saline group, whereas in the second month there was no significant statistical difference (p>0.05). The three-point bending test and the final analysis of bone density are currently being carried out.

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  • IPEN-DOC 26093

    GOMES, ALISSANDRA de M. ; JESUS, GUSTAVO P.P. de ; ZACARIAS, ENIO A. ; YOSIDAKI, VANESSA L. ; HIGUTI, ELIZA; RANGEL, ERIKA B.; BARTOLINI, PAOLO ; PERONI, CIBELE N. . Electrotransference of the mouse growth hormone gene associated with the administration of mesenchymal stem cells, in a murine model of osteogenesis imperfecta. Journal of Cell Science & Therapy, v. 10, p. 35-35, 2019. DOI: 10.4172/2157-7013-C2-053

    Abstract: Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is an inherited connective tissue disease characterized by fragility, deformity and low bone density, as well as by other clinical manifestations. Type I OI is the mildest and most common form of the disease, caused by mutation in the COL1A1 gene, resulting in the production of only ~50% of normal collagen. The corresponding animal model is the oim mouse, presenting a phenotype very similar to human type I OI. We aim, for the first time, at evaluating the electrotransference of mouse growth hormone (mGH) gene, encoding a protein that already showed therapeutic effects, together with the administration of murine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), for improving heterozygous oim mice phenotype. We already prepared and evaluated two populations of MSCs (bone marrow and adipose tissue) that emit red fluorescence. These are administrated in different amounts and via three routes (intravenously, intraperitoneally or locally into the femoral condyles) using the in vivo imaging system and histological sections of femur, liver and kidneys, a methodology we recently set up and adapted to our specific conditions. Then, we will administer the most efficient MSCs population combined with mGH gene electrotransfer. In this bioassay, we are ready to analyse different parameters: body weight, total body, tail and femur length, bone mineral density and femur fragility by a biomechanical flexion test. The results will indicate if the administration of GH by gene therapy, together with MSCs infusion, can be a promising treatment for improving type I OI phenotype.

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  • IPEN-DOC 25872

    MELLO-CASTANHO, SONIA R.H. ; MORENO, RODRIGO. Editorial: special issue on green and energy efficient processing. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, v. 39, n. 12, p. 3391-3391, 2019. DOI: 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2019.05.066

    Palavras-Chave: energy efficiency; ceramics; renewable energy sources; environment; sustainability; meetings

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  • IPEN-DOC 25871

    PINTO, JOSE C.; CANEVAROLO, SEBASTIAO ; CARVALHO, ANTONIO J.F. de. Preface. Macromolecular Symposia, v. 383, n. 1, p. 1-1, 2019. DOI: 10.1002/masy.201970004

    Palavras-Chave: polymers; molecular structure; appropriate technology; meetings

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  • IPEN-DOC 25732

    TAVONI, T.M.; VINAGRE, C.G.; FREITAS, F.R.; MESQUITA, C.H. ; VINAGRE, J.C.; MARIANI, A.C.; KALIL-FILHO, R.; MARANHAO, R.C.. Plasma clearance of chylomicron remnants is delayed in aged subjects: a study with artificial emulsions. Atherosclerosis, v. 275, p. e157-e157, 2018. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.06.468

    Abstract: Aim: Dietary fats absorbed in the intestine are transported in the circulation as chylomicrons and remnants that have atherogenic potential. Although postprandial lipidemia is increased in older subjects, the specific chylomicron metabolism has not been explored in older subjects nor compared to young subjects, which is the focus of this study. Methods: After a 12 h fast, artificially-made emulsions similar to lymph chylomicrons and doubly labeled with radioactive cholesteryl esters and triglycerides were intravenously injected in 23 older (66±4 years) and 20 young (24±3 years) subjects. Sequential blood samples were collected to determine fractional clearance rates (FCR, in min-1) by compartmental analysis. Results: Older subjects had higher LDL-cholesterol (p<0.001) and triglycerides (p<0.0001) than young subjects; HDL-cholesterol presented no difference. The emulsion cholesteryl-ester FCR was lower in older subjects compared to the young (p¼0.0001). The emulsion triglyceride FCR did not differ in the two groups. Tested in vitro, however, the lipolysis of the emulsion triglycerides was less intense in the older than in the young subjects. Conclusions: As delayed removal of remnants, indicated by the pronouncedly smaller cholesteryl ester FCR, is related to the presence of cardiovascular diseases, this can be a risk factor which could accelerate atherogenic complications occurring in aged subjects.

    Palavras-Chave: lipids; chylomicrons; blood plasma; clearance; blood plasma; cardiovascular diseases

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  • IPEN-DOC 25646

    SOUZA, C.D. de ; ROSTELATO, M.C.M. ; ZEITUNI, C. ; GONZALEZ, A. del C.C. ; NOGUEIRA, B.R. . New gold-198 nanoparticle synthesis to be used in cancer treatment. Medical Physics, v. 45, n. 6, p. e243-e243, 2018.

    Palavras-Chave: aqua regia; brachytherapy; citrates; decay; gold 198; high-purity ge detectors; light scattering; nanoparticles; neoplasms; neutron flux; sodium compounds; synthesis; therapy

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  • IPEN-DOC 25645

    ALIBHAI, A.Y.; PRETTO, LUCAS R. de ; MOULT, ERIC; SCHOTTENHAMML, JULIA; OR, CHRIS; ARYA, MALVIKA; MCGOWAN, MITCHELL; BAUMAL, CAROLINE; WITKIN, ANDRE J.; DUKER, JAY S.; FUJIMOTO, JAMES G.; WAHEED, NADIA K.. Quantitative analysis of capillary non-perfusion in diabetic retinopathy using widefield OCT-angiography. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, v. 59, n. 9, 2018.

    Abstract: Purpose : Several OCT angiography (OCTA) studies suggest an association between capillary non-perfusion, a surrogate for retinal ischemia, and diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity. However, due to technical limitations, these studies focused on either 3x3mm or 6x6mm fields of view centered on the macula. In contrast, widefield fluorescein angiography (FA) studies suggest that the majority of capillary non-perfusion in early DR occurs outside of the macular region. The recent development of high-speed, widefield OCTA systems, has for the first time allowed non-invasive visualization of retinal vasculature over wider fields of view—a functionality that, in light of previous widefield FA studies, may be promising for early detection and monitoring of DR. This study aims to couple the recent technological advances in high-speed, widefield OCTA with image processing methods to allow for semi-automatic quantitative analysis of capillary non-perfusion of widefield OCTA images of diabetic eyes. Methods : A semi-automatic, texture-based algorithm that detects areas of non-perfusion on 12x12mm SS-OCTA images from the Zeiss PlexElite™ system was developed. We tested the algorithm on a series of patients with diabetes without DR (28 eyes, 21 subjects; 54.8 ± 10.9 y/o), eyes with non-proliferative DR (NPDR) (24 eyes, 16 subjects; 62.1 ± 13.2 y/o) and eyes with proliferative DR (PDR) (21 eyes, 14 subjects; 52.2 ± 12.7 y/o). Results : There was a general trend of increasing capillary non-perfusion with increasing DR severity; however, there was significant overlap between patients having different DR severities (Fig. 1). Conclusions : Quantitative analysis of widefield OCTA images may be useful for early detection and monitoring for diabetic retinopathy progression in diabetics. Additional work is needed to determine the added value of widefield OCTA.

    Palavras-Chave: retina; diabetes mellitus; perfused organs; fluorescein; biomedical radiography

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  • IPEN-DOC 25567

    MANARAO, D.S.; CORDEIRO, G.L. ; TERTULIANO, A.J.O.; MACHADO, I.F.; LAZAR, D.R.R. ; USSUI, V. ; CESAR, P.F.. Y-TZP reinforced with reduced graphene oxide: evaluation of processing conditions. Dental Materials, v. 34, Suppl. 1, p. e72-e73, 2018. DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2018.08.149

    Abstract: Purpose/aim: To develop a processing method for yttrium stabilized zirconia pollycrystal (YTZP) reinforced with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and to verify the effect of rGO concentration on hardness and fracture toughness of the material. Materials and methods: The composite production included several steps: (a) synthesis of Y-TZP powder by coprecipitation route, (b) synthesis of graphene oxide from chemical exfoliation of graphite (modified Hummer’s method) followed by reduction with ascorbic acid, (c) sonication of reduced graphene oxide in Y-TZP suspension followed by drying (d) uniaxial pressing in metal device with diameter of 5mm and (e) sintering in a conventional tubular furnace (Argon/4%hydrogen atmosphere) or spark plasma sintering (SPS). The concentration of rGO in Y-TZP was fixed between 0.01 and 2.0 wt%. Sintered samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, density measurements, and Vickers method for hardness and fracture toughness determination (indentation fracture). Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s test with global significance level of 5%. Results: Results (Table 1) showed that the procedure stablished for dispersion of rGO in the Y-TZP resulted in good physical homogeneity of rGO and Y-TZP. Regarding the sintering procedure, it was observed that conventional sintering in a controlled atmosphere was not effective for ceramic densification due to microcrack formation at the ceramic surface. For conventional sintering, the hardness obtained for the rGO concentration of 2% was significantly lower than those obtained for all other concentrations, however, for this processing method, fracture toughness was not affected by rGO concentration. For SPS, both fracture toughness and hardness were affected by rGO concentration, with the lowest hardness mean value measured for the concentration of 0.05% and the lowest fracture toughness value measured for specimens with addition of 0.01% of rGO. Conclusions: The production of the composite Y-TZP/rGO was proved possible, and sintering via spark plasma resulted in higher mechanical properties of the composite material compared to conventional sintering. rGO concentration affected the hardness of the composite for both processing methods (conventional and SPS), however fracture toughness was only affected by rGO concentration for specimens processed via SPS.

    Palavras-Chave: graphene; graphite; yttrium oxides; zirconium oxides; sintered materials; mechanical properties; hardness

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  • IPEN-DOC 25541

    VARCA, JUSTINE P.R.O. ; FERRARI, ANDRE ; PIGNATA, DANILO R. ; GUAZZELLI, STEFANE K. ; KLINGBEIL, MARIA F.G. ; VARCA, GUSTAVO H.C. ; LUGAO, ADEMAR B. ; MATHOR, MONICA B. . Development of gelatin based scaffold by gamma radiation for application as platelet rich plasma support for wound treatment. Regenerative Research, v. 7, n. 2, p. 44-44, 2018.

    Abstract: Gelatin is a natural polymer originated from the collagen, and presents poor mechanical properties, however it is a natural and biocompatible polymer, and collagen is the main component of the extracellular matrix1. Poly-vynil (alcohol) is an artificial polymer with interesting mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Such polymers have been largely scientific studied for biomedical application2. Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) has been widely scientific explored in many medical fields in the last decades, especially in orthopedic area and in athletic treatments3. Based on the PRP desired properties regarded to the tissue regeneration, the present work aimed to develop a scaffold to support PRP release for wound treatment and study the influence of different radiation doses on a scaffold formation to apply as support for PRP release for wound treatment. In specific terms, the impact of radiation will be evaluated through physicochemical and morphologic characteristics. In the study, two polymers of different characteristics were applied, and scaffolds were prepared based on two formulations, one composed by gelatin (7%, w/w) and PVA (5%, w/w), and the second by gelatin (10%, w/w) and PVA (5%, w/w). The formulations were solubilized together in distilled water and heated up to 80 ºC under constant stirring for 1 hour. Posteriorly, the blends were disposed in circular glass molds. The samples were cooled at 4 ºC for at least 24 h and then irradiated at 15, 25 and 50 kGy. After irradiation, the samples were frozen and freeze dried. The scaffolds were characterized in terms of structure and morphology by mechanical assays, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, optical coherence tomography and infrared spectroscopy. In addition, platelet adhesion and release, and cytotoxic assays were also performed. Samples irradiated at 15 kGy presented pore size diameter of around 1.4 μm and porosity of 54%, while samples irradiated at 25 kGy, presented pore size diameter of around 1.1 μm and porosity of 49%. Optical coherence tomography showed that gelatin control samples presented more superficial degradation as irradiation dose increased, while PVA control sample presented higher integrity, indicating that this polymer is less sensitive to gamma radiation. The system presented suitable mechanical properties and the platelet adhesion and release assays showed that the scaffold presented adequate pore size range to host and release the platelets, and non-cytotoxic to platelets, featuring adequate properties to be applied as dressing for wound treatments.

    Palavras-Chave: polymers; gelatin; gamma radiation; mechanical properties; wounds; therapy; animal tissues; biological regeneration

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  • IPEN-DOC 25540

    FUNARI, ANA P. ; ANTEBI, URI; SANTOS, LUIZ A.; VIEIRA, DANIEL P. ; MIRANDA, JURANDIR T. de; ALVES, NELSON M.; FREITAS, ANDERSON Z. de ; MATHOR, MONICA B. . Optical and histological evaluation of human tendon tissue sterilized by ionizing radiation. Regenerative Research, v. 7, n. 1, p. 122-122, 2018.

    Abstract: Sterilization by irradiation is a technique that is used by tissue banks aiming to eliminate contamination of human allografts, being a safe method, free of residue and used as final sterilization. After the tissue procurement, these undergo a series of processing stages and then are packaged and preserved by freezing. Despite aseptic care of the material those may be subjected to sterilization in the final packing by ionizing radiation, raising the security level of sterility of the tissue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of application of ionizing radiation, produced by 60Co source in human tendons preprocessed (A-alcohol + antibiotic; B- H2O2 + ultrasound) obtained through collaboration with tissue banks and preserved by freezing in -80° C, the radiation absorbed doses in processing were 12.5, 15 and 25 kGy, each one with their corresponding non-irradiated control, to examine possible structural or morphological alterations. The irradiated samples and their controls were analyzed by means of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography polarization sensitive (PS-OCT), and histological tests had been stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). According to the results the tissue processed with alcohol/antibiotic in conjunction with irradiation proved to be the most effective.

    Palavras-Chave: absorbed radiation doses; alcohols; animal tissues; antibiotics; cobalt 60; freezing; histological techniques; ionizing radiations; radiation effects; sterilization; tendons; tomography

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  • IPEN-DOC 25211

    LOPES, P.S.; CORAZZA, F.G.; NAMBU, F.A.N.; ERNESTO, J.V.; VARCA, G.H.C. ; LEITE-SILVA, V.R.; ANDREO-FILHO, N.. In vitro permeability assay using an epithelial model of Caco-2/HT29-MTX/Raji-B cells: enhancer aspects of a papain-cyclodextrin complex. Toxicology Letters, v. 295, Suppl. 1, p. S75-S75, 2018. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.534

    Abstract: The oral route is one of the main routes for administration of drugs, however, the gastrointestinal tract is a hostile environment due to pH variation, presence of several digestive enzymes and the intestinal barrier that undermines the permeation of drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of papain complexed with β-cyclodextrin to enhancer the permeation of furosemide, as a model drug, in a triple co-culture of Caco-2, HT29-MTX and Raji cells. Papain and the papain-β-cyclodextrin complex were evaluated at 0.3, 0.7 and 1.0 μM and the biophysical integrity of the cell layer was evaluated by RET (Transepitelial Electrical Resistance) at 0, 4, 24, 48 and 72 hours. The epithelium was also stained using DAPI and Alexa Fluor™ 488 Phalloidin. HPLC was employed to quantification of furosemide. The RET results at initial time for all the samples and control were in a range of 267.63 to 318.28 Ω*cm2 and after 72 h this values were raised to a range of 365.14 to 492.64 Ω*cm2. There was a decrease of RET after samples’ application, nevertheless, the results showed that the epithelium presents a recovery, proportional to the time of cell replication, and that this recovery occurs in all samples tested with no significant statistical difference. The RET recovery implies that papain, complexed or not, was not able to kill the cells, corroborating the hypothesis that the action mechanism is the disruption of the tight junction. In addition, the triple co-culture presents a higher resistance to papain action, in comparison with the Caco-2 monolayer assays, emphasizing the importance of testing new drugs, potential candidates for oral formulations, in epitheliums that faithfully mimics what actually happens in in vivo systems. The fluorescent microscopy observation of the cells stained with DAPI and the junctions stained with Alexa Fluor™ 488 Phalloidin, showed that co-culture exhibits microvilli inherent to the intestinal tissue. The results obtained in the triple co-culture model bi-directional transport experiments confirmed the significant increase in furosemide transport indicating the importance of the paracellular route. In conclusion, the triple co-culture model was successfully standardized and papain complexed with β-cyclodextrin acts probably over the tight junctions enhancing the permeation of furosemide.

    Palavras-Chave: drugs; papain; digestive system; animal cells; epithelium

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  • IPEN-DOC 24996

    KIYAN, V.H.; ZEZELL, D.M. ; SAMAD, R.E.; VIEIRA JUNIOR, N.D.; BOTTINO, M.A.; SARACENI, C.H.C.. Efeito do laser de Femtossegundos no tratamento de superfície de cerâmicas à base de zircônia. Brazilian Oral Research, v. 31, suppl. 2, p. 403-403, 2017.

    Abstract: Este estudo objetivou analisar a superfície de cerâmicas à base de zircônia irradiadas por pulsos ultracurtos de um laser de Ti:Safira. Para isto, dois discos de zircônia (In-Ceram YZ® - Vita Zahnfabrik) com 15,3 mm de diâmetro foram irradiados por pulsos de 25 fs (1 fs=10-15 s) em 800 nm, com energia por pulso variando de 25 a 200 μJ, e taxa de repetição de 0,2 a 4 kHz. Cada irradiação varreu uma área de 1 × 1 mm2, com velocidades entre 0,2 e 4 mm/s, deslocamento lateral de 10 μm, e diâmetro de feixe de 40 ou 70 μm que resultaram em sobreposições de 65 ou 190 pulsos por posição, respectivamente. Uma amostra foi irradiada em atmosfera e a outra sob fluxo de argônio. Em cada uma foram feitas 24 irradiações com condições diferentes. As áreas foram analisadas por perfilometria óptica, Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura e EDS. Foram escolhidas as áreas que apresentaram pequeno aumento de rugosidade (Ra) em relação ao material não irradiado - Ra=(0,32±0,02) μm - e menor alteração de cor, sem que houvesse alteração na composição. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos para irradiações em atmosfera por pulsos de 25 μJ, focalizados para 40 μm (densidade de energia de 2,0 J/cm2), e taxas de repetição de 0,2, 1 e 4 kHz, com rugosidades de (0,40±0,03) μm, (0,50±0,05) μm e (1,19±0,11) μm, respectivamente, e para pulsos de 50 μJ e 40 μm de diâmetro a 1 kHz, com Ra=(0,40±0,03) μm.

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  • IPEN-DOC 24995

    LOPES, D.S.; PEREIRA, D.L.; ZEZELL, D.M. ; MOTA, C.C.B.O.; MELO, L.S.A.; GOMES, A.S.L.. Influência da irradiação com laser Er,Cr:YSGG sobre a resistência de união de braquetes ortodônticos. Brazilian Oral Research, v. 31, suppl. 2, p. 395-395, 2017.

    Abstract: A proposta deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos da irradiação com laser Er,Cr:YSGG na resistência de união da interface esmalte-braquete. Após aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética em Experimentação Animal da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (protocolo número 23076.015869/2015-65), foram selecionados 40 incisivos bovinos, divididos aleatoriamente em quatro grupos (G) (n=10), três experimentais e um controle, com diferentes doses de irradiação com laser de Er,Cr:YSGG sobre a superfície do esmalte: G1 - 54,1 mJ/ 1,1 W, 20 Hz; G2 - 83 mJ/ 1,7W, 20 Hz; G3 - 120 mJ/ 2,41 W, 20 Hz; G4 - controle, condicionamento de esmalte com ácido fosfórico a 37%. Os espécimes foram analisados através da tomografia por coerência Óptica (OCT) e da microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) para verificação das alterações promovidas no esmalte. Para análise estatística foram utilizados os testes de Tukey, ANOVA e o Qui-quadrado, adotando um nível de significância de 5%. O G3 apresentou a resistência de união mais elevada (8,0 MPa). A análise de ANOVA não revelou diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos (p = 0,1310). A análise qualitativa das imagens pelo OCT e MEV revelam que as superfícies irradiadas apresentaram microfissuras que auxiliam a penetração da resina.

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  • IPEN-DOC 24994

    PENHA-JUNIOR, T.; RODRIGUES, M.A.P.; BEZERRA, C.P.; FERNANDES, M.S.; VIEIRA JUNIOR, N.D.; ZEZELL, D.M. ; SAMAD, R.E.; DUTRA-CORREA, M.. Análise da rugosidade superficial de esmalte dental humano irradiado por pulsos ultracurtos de laser de Ti:Safira. Brazilian Oral Research, v. 31, suppl. 2, p. 301-301, 2017.

    Abstract: Lasers de alta potência têm sido utilizados em dentes humanos com a finalidade de remoção de cárie e adequação da superfície, criando condições ideais para procedimentos adesivos e restauradores. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a rugosidade superficial de esmalte irradiado com pulsos ultracurtos de um laser de Ti:Safira. Dentes humanos incluídos em resina acrílica tiveram sua porção oclusal removida por cortadeira metalográfica, expondo a dentina, com borda em esmalte. A superfície foi planificada por politriz, padronizando a smear layer. O esmalte foi irradiado com pulsos de 25 fs (1 fs=10-15 s) em 800 nm, e densidades de energia de 0,8 a 8,0 J/cm2, com 4 kHz de taxa de repetição. Cada irradiação varreu uma área de 1 x 1 mm2, com o feixe normal à superfície, e diferentes diâmetros de feixe. A morfologia das superfícies foi avaliada por meio de microscopia eletrônica de varredura, e sua rugosidade (Ra) determinada em medidas topográficas feitas por um perfilômetro óptico. As rugosidades obtidas foram (0,29±0,03) μm para o esmalte (controle), e (1,61±0,33) μm, (1,03±0,19) μm e (2,62± 0,25) μm para as áreas irradiadas com densidades de energia de 8,0, 5,6 e 0,8 J/cm2, respectivamente. A irradiação aumentou a rugosidade da superfície, e o maior aumento ocorreu para a menor densidade de energia, o que pode ser explicado pelo maior número de pulsos sobrepostos nesta varredura (665), 10 vezes superior ao das outras (65), em consequência do maior diâmetro de feixe utilizado.

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  • IPEN-DOC 24993

    VIANA, I.E.L.; SILVA, V.R.M.; LOPES, R.M.; ZEZELL, D.M. ; ARANHA, A.C.C.; SCARAMUCCI, T.. Efeito do laser de Er,Cr:YSGG associado ou não ao flúor no controle da erosão dental em esmalte. Brazilian Oral Research, v. 31, suppl. 2, p. 241-241, 2017.

    Abstract: Oitenta fragmentos de esmalte foram obtidos das coroas de incisivos bovinos, incluídos em resina acrílica, planificados e polidos. Uma fita adesiva foi posicionada em sua superfície polida, deixando uma janela de 4mm×1mm exposta. Os espécimes foram previamente erodidos (10min em solução de ácido cítrico a 1%, pH~2,4) e aleatoriamente alocados em 8 grupos experimentais (n=10): 1. Controle negativo (nenhum tratamento); 2. Gel de APF (flúor fosfato acidulado, 1,23% F, pH 3,6-3,9); 3. Irradiação com laser de Er,Cr:YSGG (A: 0,25W, 20Hz, 2,8J/cm2); 4. Irradiação com laser de Er,Cr:YSGG (B: 0,50W, 20Hz, 5,7 J/cm2); 5. Irradiação com laser de Er,Cr:YSGG (C: 0,75W, 20Hz, 8,5 J/cm2); 6. Gel de APF + laser A; 7. Gel de APF + laser B; 8. Gel de APF + laser C. Após, os espécimes foram submetidos a uma ciclagem erosiva (5min de imersão em solução de ácido cítrico a 0,3%, pH~2,6, seguido de imersão em saliva artificial por 60min; 4×/dia; por 5 dias). Ao final, a perda de superfície (PS) dos espécimes (em μm) foi determinada por meio de um perfilômetro ótico. Os dados foram analisados Kruskal-Wallis e Tukey (α=0,05).O grupo 7 (Gel de APF + laser B) foi o que apresentou a menor PS (mediana e intervalo interquartil: 2,97 e 2,65-3,79), sendo estatisticamente diferente do controle negativo (4,20 e 4,01-4,62) e do grupo 8 (3,24 e 2,44-4,58), no entanto, ele não diferiu significativamente dos demais grupos. Todos os grupos, com exceção do 7, não apresentaram PS significativamente diferente do controle negativo.

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  • IPEN-DOC 24965

    GOMES, G.V.; PEREIRA, D.L.; SUGAHARA, V.M.L.; ANA, P.A.; ZEZELL, D.M. ; ARANHA, A.C.C.. Novo fotoabsorvedor para irradiação com laser de Nd:YAG na prevenção de erosão em dentina. Brazilian Oral Research, v. 31, suppl. 2, p. 112-112, 2017.

    Abstract: A erosão dentária tem sido estudada por ser um fator de risco para o dano dentário. As técnicas de Tomografia por Coerência Óptica (OCT), microdureza e fluorescência de raios-X foram utilizadas para analisar amostras de dentina irradiadas com laser Nd:YAG utilizando uma solução de dentifrício preto como fotoabsorvedor e submetidas a ciclagem erosiva. A utilização de um fotoabsorvedor favorece a absorção da maioria dos fótons na superfície do tecido duro, diminuindo o risco de lesão da polpa dental por aquecimento. 75 blocos de dentina bovina de 8mm2 foram distribuidos em 5 grupos: G1- sem tratamento; G2- aplicação de flúor fosfato acidulado (APF, [F-]=1,23%, pH= 3,3 a 3,9); G3- irradiação com laser de Nd:YAG (1064nm, 0,6W, 10Hz) sem fotoabsorvedor; G4- irradiação com laser de Nd:YAG (1064nm, 0,6W, 10Hz) utilizando pasta de carvão como fotoabsorvedor; G5- irradiação com laser de Nd:YAG (1064nm, 0,6W, 10Hz), utilizando dentifrício (Black is White, Curaprox®) como fotoabsorvedor. Todas as amostras foram submetidas a um desafio erosivo de 3 dias (ácido cítrico 1%, pH = 3,6, 5min, 2x/dia) sob agitação e remineralização (saliva artificial, pH = 7,0, 120min). Após os tratamentos, os valores de microdureza foram maiores nos grupos irradiados com laser e a relação [Ca]/[P] diminuiu nestes mesmos grupos. A avaliação por OCT foi feita antes e após os tratamentos e também após a ciclagem erosiva, a profundidade das lesões de erosão foram menores nos grupos irradiados com laser e fotoabsorvedor.

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  • IPEN-DOC 24966

    SANCHES, L.K.F.; CAMPOS, L.M.P. ; PARRA, D.F. ; BRAGA, R.R.; SANTOS, M.; BOARO, L.C.C.. Conversion of endodontic sealer modified with nanoparticles carrying antibacterial drugs. Dental Materials, v. 33, suppl. 1, p. e70-e70, 2017. DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.08.140

    Abstract: Purpose/aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the polymeric conversion of a commercial endodontic sealer modified with montmorillonite nanoparticles carrying to different antibacterial drugs: clorhexidine (CHX) and metronidazole (MET). Materials and methods: The sealer used was AH Plus sealer, and 5% in weight was added of the nanoparticles carrying one of the drugs CHX or MET. Cylindrical specimens were made with 5 mm diameter and 1 mm thick (n = 5). The degree of conversion (DC) was determined using near FTIR. DC was evaluated using the absorption peak at 4529 cm−1 that decrease during polymerization, and the absorption peak at 4623 cm−1 which is unaltered as normalization. The measurements were obtained for each sample immediately, 4 h and 24 h after mixing the two pastes of the sealer. A group with no modification by the nanoparticle was added as a control. The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA/Tukey (α = 5%). Results: Results are presented in Table 1. Table 1. Means (SD) for degree of conversion (%) at 4 and 24 h. No statistical difference was presented among groups for neither periods of evaluation. Drug DC (%) 4 h 24 h Control 35 (11) A 68 (8) A CHX 31 (11) A 81 (11) A MET 38 (6) A 77 (14) A Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study it can be concluded that addition of the nanoparticle carrying both drug did not influence the polymerization of the sealer.

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  • IPEN-DOC 24964

    SILVA, L.T.S.; COGO-MULLER, K.; BRANDT, W.C.; CAMPOS, L.M.P. ; PARRA, D.F. ; SANTOS, M.; BOARO, L.C.C.. Antibacterial activity of endodontic sealer modified with nanoparticles. Dental Materials, v. 33, suppl. 1, p. e13-e13, 2017. DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.08.022

    Abstract: Purpose/aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of a commercial endodontic sealer modified with montmorillonite nanoparticles carrying to different drugs: clorhexidine (CHX) and metronidazole (MET). Materials and methods: The sealer used was AH Plus sealer, and 5% in weight was added of the nanoparticles carrying one of the drugs CHX or MET. Cylindrical specimens were made with 5 mm diameter and 1 mm thick (n = 5). The antibacterial activity was evaluated by the inhibition halo test. This method was conducted according to Clinical Standard Laboratory Institute M2-A8 protocol, with some modifications (CLSI, 2003). The bacteria selected were the E. Fecallis which is the most frequently bacteria found in recidivate apical infection. Discs specimens were positioned over the agar and plates were incubated in the appropriate conditions for 48 h. After this period, inhibition zones were measured using a calliper rule. A group with no modification by the nanoparticle was added as a control. The data was analyzed using Mann–Whitney (alpha = 5%). Results: Results are presented in Table 1. For the control group no inhibition zone was formed, so the statistical analyze was performed only between the experimental groups. Table 1. Means (SD) for inhibition halo (mm). No statistical difference was presented between the drugs. Drug Inhibition halo (mm) Control 0 CHX 4.8 (1.4) A MET 4.0 (1.6) A Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study it can be concluded that the addition of the nanoparticle carrying both drugs added an antibacterial activity that was not found in the commercial sealer.

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  • IPEN-DOC 24946

    FURUKAWA, C.Y. ; MENDONCA, V. ; FUKUMORI, N.T.O. ; MATSUDA, M.M.N. . Improvement of iodide and iodate identification method in the radiochemical analysis of Iodine-131 radiopharmaceutical. EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry, v. 3, n. 7, 1, p. 25-25, 2018. DOI: 10.1186/s41181-018-0041-4

    Abstract: Aim: Sodium Iodide (131 I) is a radiopharmaceutical available as oral capsule or solution, and is largely used in nuclear medicine for tyroid scintigraphy imaging and in radioiodine therapy. Radiochemical purity (% RqP) is defined as the percent of total radioactivity in the desired chemical form. The main methods to determine % RqP is paper chromatography (PC), thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high perfomance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Some compendial methods also establish procedures for retardation factor (Rf) determination1-2. The objective of this work was to evaluate the mobile phase effect on the Rf of iodide (I-) and iodate (IO3 -) in the % RqP analysis of Sodium Iodide (131 I). Methods: Whatman 3MM PC (1.5 × 12.5 cm), methanol and glacial acetic acid were from Merck Millipore. Methanol and purified water in the proportion of 50%, 70%, 75% and 85% (v/v) were the mobile phases. Diluent solution containing 0.1 mg/mL KIO3, 0.2 mg/mL KI and 1.0 g/mL Na2CO3, and standard solutions of 0.2 g/mL KI and 0.4 g/mL KIO3 were prepared. In the origin position of a 10 cm paper strip, 5 μL of the diluent solution were applied. After chromatographic separation in each mobile phase, the suitable standard solution was dripped on the iodate and iodide expected positions followed by drops of glacial acetic acid to reveal the Rf of the species with formation of a brown spot3. Results: The American and Argentine pharmacopoeial methods present iodate-131 as the main radiochemical impurity but differ in the mobile phase composition and in the color development method for iodide and/or iodate1-2. The systems advocate the use of 30 and 20 cm long stationary phases which require several hours for separation of the species, and methanol 70% and 75% (v/v), respectively. In a 10 cm strip and 70% (v/v) methanol, the Rf for iodate was 0.5-0.7 and for iodide was 0.7-0.9; with 85% (v/v) methanol, the Rf were 0.3- 0.5 for iodate and 0.7-1.0 for iodide, respectively, taking an hour and a half for the chromatografic run. The resolution obtained with 85% (v/v) methanol was better when compared to methanol 70% (v/v). Conclusion: By the use of the staining test for iodate and iodide proposed by the Argentine pharmacopoeia, it was possible to improve the % RqP analysis of Sodium Iodide (131 I), decreasing the analysis time of more than 4 hours to an hour and a half.

    Palavras-Chave: radiochemical analysis; radiopharmaceuticals; iodine 131; iodides; iodates; chromatography

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  • IPEN-DOC 24944

    FONSECA, DANIELA P.M. da ; MONTEIRO, WALDEMAR A. . Microstructural analysis of composite Cu-Cr-Ag-(CeO2, Al2O3) processing by powder metallurgy. Acta Microscópica, v. 26, B, p. 280-281, 2017.

    Abstract: Copper has long been used by mankind, since the 20th century they have gained industrial and technological importance [1]. They can be combined with ceramic materials in the synthesis of modern composites, optimized and with balanced properties [2]. The studied composite has a metal as a matrix (copper or copper, chromium and silver), the ceramic oxide as the reinforcing phase (ceria or alumina) and was synthesized by powder metallurgy. A possible application of this material is like anodes in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC), cermets based on rare earth oxides and metals such as copper, silver and nickel have been studied in this component [3]. The objective of this work was the analysis of the particle size by SEM and chemical composition by EDS of the starting material (powders of copper, chromium, silver, ceria and alumina) and the microstructural characterization by MO of copper composites with four compositions: (a) 80% Cu – 8% Cr – 4% Ag – 8% CeO2; (b) 80% Cu – 20% CeO2; (c) 80% Cu – 8% Cr – 4% Ag – 8% Al2O3; (d) 80% Cu – 20% Al2O3. For analysis in the SEM/EDS the powders were fixed in the sample port with carbon paint, for the powders of ceria and alumina was made gold coating for 2 min. The copper powder presented nodular agglomerates; the chromium powder presented large particles with coarse contours and irregular shape; the silver powder presented a dendritic shape; the ceria powder presented very small particles and it was not possible to observe them due to the limitation of the SEM and the alumina powder presented flake-shaped agglomerates, figure 1. The EDS microanalysis results for copper, silver, ceria and alumina powders were adequate, for chromium powder indicated silicon and iron (manufacturer predicted) and calcium impurities (not predicted but with low percentage), figure 1. The powders were weighed on a precision balance (according to each composition), mixed manually and cold-compacted in uniaxial press with 180 MPa pressure and sintered in a tubular furnace with vacuum of 10-7 torr, temperature of 750 °C and time of 6 h. The samples were obtained in laboratory scale with a 31x12x 3.5 mm parallelepipedal shape, hot mounting, grinded (240, 320, 400, 600, 800) and polished (3μm and 1μm diamond and 0.02 μm silica). The optical micrographs indicated coalescence of copper particles, homogeneity, porosity and an unknown (black) phase, possibly related to ceramic materials, figure 2. The sample (c) was the only one that presented different microstructure between the normal and transverse directions, possibly due to segregation of the powders during mixing. It was possible to make an adequate analysis of the particle formats of the copper, chromium, silver and alumina powders; however, the ceria powder needs to be analyzed again in SEM with higher capacity of increase. The results of EDS microanalysis were promising for all powders. The optical micrographs suggest a good adequacy of the compaction and sintering parameters, forming a homogeneous microstructure and with the desired porosity, except for sample (c), that the mixture was not suitable. In order to study the formed phases it is necessary to perform an X-ray mapping on SEM and X-ray diffraction in the samples after sintering.

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  • IPEN-DOC 24853

    MOSCA, RODRIGO C. ; SANTOS, SOFIA N. ; NOGUEIRA, GESSE E.C.; PEREIRA, DAISA L. ; COSTA, FRANCIELLI C.; ARANY, PRAVEEN; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. . Efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy in mitigating skin radiation damage. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, v. 50, 29, p. S15-S16, 2018. DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22799

    Abstract: Background: The use of sophisticated radiation dose delivery and fractionation has significantly improved cancer care. One of these involves localized, sustained ionizing dose delivery termed brachytherapy. Despite it therapeutic efficacy, specific side effects of brachytherapy include localized skin damage and breakdown for which only palliative treatments are currently available. The use of low dose biophotonics treatments to promote tissue healing is termed photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy and molecular pathways of PBM therapy using two common wavelengths, red and near-infrared (NIR) to treat radiation wounds in athymic mice subjected to brachytherapy (sustained ionizing radiation from 125I seeds). Study Design/Materials and Method: A pilot study was performed with thirty-six athymic mice were accomplished for 60 days and divided into six groups: Surgical Control Group (No radiation and no PBM treatments); Radiation Control Group (125I seed 0.4252 mCi, no PBM); NIR-PBM Control Group (NIR PBM alone, LED at l¼880 nm); Red-PBM Control Group (Red PBM alone LED at l¼660 nm); Radiation- NIR PBM Group; Radiation-Red PBM Group. Following 21 days, radiation-induced wounds are evident. PBM treatments (both wavelengths with output power 40mW for 20 s, fluence 20 J/cm2 on top of implantation site) were performed every week up to 60 days. Wounds were evaluated every 7 days digital imaging, Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF) and tissue temperature with a thermographic camera. We also performed mPET-CT imaging using radioactive fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) at 51 and 81 days post-implantation. Animals were sacrifices progressively at each time point to correlate clinical observations with imaging and molecular tissue analyses. Tissues were collected to analyze molecular pathways correlating with inflammation, immune response, wound healing and angiogenesis using mRNA (qRT-PCR) and protein expression (immunostaining). Results: Both PBM treated groups demonstrated significant (p<0.05) improvements in skin radiation wound healing as compared to radiation group. Distinct improvements in clinical wound size and closure, improved tissue perfusion and reduced inflammation as evidenced by decreased wound thermal images. These wounds were also noted to have significant differences in the cytokine profiles (TGF-b, VEGF and PDGF) correlating with better healing responses. Radiation damage reduces brown fat composition that can potentially contribute to additional radiation-associated morbidities. The mPET-CT imaging noted significant preservation of brown fat composition in PBM-treated radiation alone groups. Further validation of these pathways is ongoing. Conclusion: Within the parameters of this study, PBM treatments demonstrated improved healing in radiation wounds due to ionizing radiation from 125I seeds. Ongoing work is examining the precise molecular pathways contributing to these therapeutic benefits. It is hoped this study will enable further development of this innovative therapy for managing side- effects from radiation treatments.

    Palavras-Chave: neoplasms; brachytherapy; radiation doses; radiation injuries; wounds; biological recovery

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  • IPEN-DOC 24799

    RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. ; GARGANO, RONALDO G.; SABINO, CAETANO P.; ANJOS, CAROLINA dos; POGLIANI, FABIO C.; SELLERA, FABIO P.. Clinical challenges of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for bovine mastitis. Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, v. 21, p. 327-327, 2018. DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.01.007

    Abstract: Sir, Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is emerging as a new promising tool to treat local infections in Veterinary Medicine [1]. In 2016, our group was the pioneer to investigate its use to inactivate pathogens related to bovine mastitis [2]. In this regard, in a recent report published in this journal, Moreira et al. [3] explored the use of toluidine blue (TBO)-mediated aPDT to treat subclinical bovine mastitis. Remarkably, bovine mastitis still remains as the most economically relevant disease for dairy industry worldwide, resulting in substantial economic losses for milk producers due to extensive antibiotic use and product losses. In this sense, antibiotic misuse or overuse to treat bovine mastitis is worrisome because it can simultaneously lead to antibiotic residues in dairy products and increase multidrug-resistant foodborne pathogens. Unfavorably, there is still no consensus on the ideal approach for bovine mastitis treatment; therefore, aPDT represents a viable option to reduce the use of antibiotics in dairy farms. The preliminary results of Moreira et al. [3] are exciting and deserve discussion on some points. In this letter, we intend to highlight other relevant aspects to be addressed in order to consolidate the use of aPDT for management of bovine mastitis. The concentration of the photosensitizer (PS) diluted in the milk plays a pivotal role. In the study by Moreira et al. [3], the authors designed a clinical assay using a 2.5% TBO solution, which promoted a significant reduction of bacterial load. It is noteworthy that clinical mastitis represents a more complex challenge for aPDT than subclinical mastitis since the alterations in the milk composition could influence the PS absorption properties. Additionally, we believe that intermolecular interactions between PS and milk components should be considered to optimize clinical protocols because it could induce aggregation of phenothiazine dyes and leads to lower photodynamic inactivation efficiency [[4], [5]]. Another important point is in respect to the light diffusion within mammary parenchyma. Appropriated light delivery systems need to reach deeper mammary tissue since pathogens normally colonize the entire mammary gland [6]. Therefore, the use of diffuser fibers should be considered to deliver homogeneous light intensities inside the gland parenchyma. Hence, investigations regarding different light delivery systems could optimize clinical protocols and facilitate the establishment of aPDT into the dairy industry. Finally, we encourage the development of innovative strategies to improve selective PS delivery to pathogens using targeted molecular and nanoparticle systems. In summary, we hope that this letter motivates further studies to develop safe and effective protocols for bovine mastitis and promote aPDT applications in Veterinary Medicine.

    Palavras-Chave: veterinary medicine; cattle; mammary glands; infectious diseases; bacterial diseases; therapy; photosensitivity

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  • IPEN-DOC 24740

    HAMADA, MARGARIDA M. . Special section on the 8th World Congress on Industrial Process Tomography (WCIPT8). Measurement Science and Technology, v. 29, n. 060101, 2018. DOI: 10.1088/1361-6501/aabb44

    Abstract: Multiphase flow systems are widely used in the industrial production of polymers, minerals, pharmaceuticals and food processing, among others. Industrial process tomography (IPT) may contribute to increase the production and quality control of the means of production or the industrial product itself. There has been a remarkable development in IPT technology over the past two decades, a fact demonstrated by the quality and innovation of the works presented at the 8th World Congress on Industrial Process Tomography (WCIPT8). This scientific meeting, held in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, in September 2016, was crowned by a high scientific and technological level within the natural beauty of the Iguaçu Falls. New sensor technologies and the processing of electronic signals have been continuously under development, and these themes were discussed in the WCIPT8. These new technologies are being implemented in the new IPT versions and, as a corollary, some improvement in the sensitivity of what may be measured with modern IPTs, with the desired accuracy, has been observed. In addition, the miniaturization of sensors and the use of nano-technology push these limits further. Further, thanks to the advancement of modern computers, sophisticated online image reconstruction algorithms are now available and have been incorporated into modern IPT allowing in-situ and on-line data processing. A large number of IPT measurement principles have been and are still under development: electrical methods, such as the measurement of capacitance, inductance and resistance, optical and radiation-based methods, ranging from infrared, microwave, x-rays, gamma rays and even neutrons, magnetic resonance, ultrasound and acoustic methods, to mention a few. The sensor technology for a specific application is primarily selected to achieve sensitivity to a physical property which differs for each of the components of the process, e.g. density or electrical permittivity. For the measurement or imaging of more than two components, multi-modality systems are often employed, either by measuring with one principle at several wavelengths or energies, or by combining several independent sensor principles. IPT is inherently interdisciplinary, so that R&D requires skills in each of the engineering processes (chemical, combustion, pharmaceutical, etc), physics and electronic engineering for the sensor system, plus mathematics and computer science for data processing algorithms. This special issue of Measurement Science and Technology presents innovative papers on IPT technologies, presented at the 8th World Congress on Industrial Process Tomography (WCIPT8), promoted by the International Society on Industrial Process Tomography (ISIPT) and organized by the Nuclear and Energy Research Institute (IPEN) and the Federal University of Technology, Parana. We hope that all readers of this Special Section may find not only interesting information, but also data that is useful for their scientific work.

    Palavras-Chave: industrial radiography; tomography; industry; appropriate technology; meetings

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  • IPEN-DOC 24736

    GENEZINI, FREDERICO ; CARBONARI, ARTUR W. ; LYNN, JEFFREY W.. International Workshop on Utilization of Research Reactors, São Paulo, Brazil. Neutron News, v. 29, n. 1, p. 2-3, 2018. DOI: 10.1080/10448632.2018.1445922

    Palavras-Chave: research reactors; iear-1 reactor; meetings; neutron activation analysis; security; historical aspects; research programs

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  • IPEN-DOC 22998

    GODOY-MIRANDA, BIANCA; BELINELLO-SOUZA, ESTEFANI; ALVARENGA, LETICIA; LEAL, CINTIA; LEITE, CAROLINA; LIMA, TAIRINE; PREVIATI-OLIVEIRA, JHOSEPHER; FREITAS, ANDERSON ; PRETTO, LUCAS de ; FERNANDES, ADJACI; PRATES, RENATO . Periodontal treatment combined to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: experimental model. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, v. 49, n. S28, p. 42-43, 2017. DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22650

    Abstract: Background: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) has been used as an adjuvant treatment for periodontitis. It combines a photosensitizer (PS) with a light source to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and kill microbial cells. PpNetNI is a protoporphyrin derivate, and it has a chemical binding site at biofilm and great affinity to microbial cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of APDT as an adjuvant treatment for periodontitis. Study: Ten healthy male rats Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) were used in this study (Approved by UNINOVE Ethical committee AN0029/2015). Periodontitis was induced by placing a cotton ligature around the first mandibular molar in a subgingival position. The contralateral mandibular first molar received neither a ligature nor any treatment, and was used as a control. After 7 days, the ligature was removed and all animals received scaling and root planning (SRP) and were divided according to the following treatments: SRP group (received SRP and irrigation with PpNetNI, 10 mM) and PDT group (PpNetNI 10 mM followed by LED irradiation). PDT was performed with a LED (630 nm) with an output power of 400mW (fluence-rate 200mW/cm2; fluence 18 J/cm2). Rats were euthanized at 7 days postoperatively. The bone loss was measured by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT, THORLABS LTD., Newton, US). Data were analyzed statistically (Mann-Whitney test, p<0.05). in vestibular region of the first molar Results: The animals treated by APDT showed a bone gain of approximately 30% compared to the SRP group following 7 days from the treatment. OCT was able to detect bone loss in the samples and it was nondestructive method for this experimental model. Conclusion: In conclusion, within the parameters used in this study, APDT was an effective alternative to held periodontal health after treatment, and it was able to regenerate supportive periodontal tissue.

    Palavras-Chave: experimental data; antimicrobial agents; photosensitivity; dentistry; bone cells; diagnostic techniques

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  • IPEN-DOC 24397

    BARTOLINI, PAOLO ; RIBELA, MARIA T.C.P. ; DAMIANI, RENATA ; SILVA, FELIPE D. ; LIMA, ELIANA R. ; OLIVEIRA, JOAO E. ; PERONI, CIBELE N. ; TORJESEN, PETER A.; SOARES, CARLOS R. . Carbohydrate composition and site-occupancy determination in pituitary and recombinant preparations of human thyrotropin. Journal of Biotechnology, v. 256, suppl., p. S15-S15, 2017. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.06.053

    Abstract: Human thyrotropin (hTSH) is a glycoprotein with three potential glycosylation sites: two in the -subunit and one in the -subunit. Carbohydrate site-occupancy is frequently neglected in glycoprotein characterization, even if related to folding, trafficking, initiation of inflammation, host defence and congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). For the first-time N-glycoprofiling analysis was applied to site-occupancy determination of two native pituitary hTSH, in comparison with three CHO-derived preparations of hTSH, a widely used biopharmaceutical. A single methodology provided: (i) average N-glycan mass; (ii) mass fraction of each monosaccharide and of sulfate; (iii) percent carbohydrate. The results indicate that occupancy (65–87%) and carbohydrate mass (12–19%) can be 34–57% higher in recombinant hormones. The average glycan mass is 24% lower in pituitary hTSH and contains ∼3-fold fewer moles of galactose (P < 0.005) and sialic acid (P < 0.01). The number of moles of fucose per mole of hTSH was found 2.5-fold higher in the pituitary preparations. One of these native preparations, presenting the smallest glycan mass, lowest occupancy, GalNAc, sulfate, Gal and sialic acid contents, also presented the lowest in vivo bioactivity and circulatory half-life. This methodology, extremely important for comparing a recombinant biopharmaceutical to its native equivalent, can be applied to any physiologically or clinical relevant glycoprotein.

    Palavras-Chave: glycoproteins; carbohydrates; trh; congenital diseases

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  • IPEN-DOC 24488

    MIRANDA, R.B.P.; MARCHI, J.; USSUI, V. ; LAZAR, D.R.R. ; MIRANDA, W.G.J.; CESAR, P.F.. Mechanical properties of Y:TZP/TiO2 coated with hydroxyapatite for dental implants. Dental Materials, v. 33, suppl. 1, p. e54-e54, 2017. DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.08.106

    Abstract: Purpose/aim: (1) To investigate the effect of titania content in mol% (0, 10 and 30) in the specific surface area (SBET), the size of the agglomerates and the intensity of the peaks corresponding to crystalline phase present in the ceramic powder of Y:TZP/TiO2; (2) to investigate the effect of titania addition (0, 10 and 30 mol%) on the microstructure, relative density (RD), Young’s modulus (E), Poisson’s ratio (PR), flexural strength ( f) andWeibull modulus (m) of a Y:TZP/TiO2 composite; and (3) to investigate the effect of the presence of a biomimetic coating on the microstructure and mechanical properties ( f and m) of Y:TZP/TiO2 composite. Materials and methods: Y:TZP (3mol% of yttria) and Y:TZP/TiO2 composite (10 or 30mol% of titania) were synthesized using a co-precipitation route. The powders were pressed and sintered at 1400 ◦C/2 h. Half of the discs were subjected to biomimetic coating. The powderswere characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), laser scattering, gas adsorption and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surfaces, with and without biomimetic coating, were characterized by SEM and XRD. The RD was measured by the Archimedes’ principle. E and PRwere measured by ultrasonic pulse-echo method. For the mechanical properties the specimens (n = 30 for each group) were tested in a universal testing machine. Weibull modulus was estimated by the maximum likelihood method and ANOVA with Tukey test (˛ = 5%) was used to evaluate f, E and RD. Results: All powders had a SBET greater than 42m2/g and the titania addition favored the formation of larger agglomerates. Titania addition increased the grain size of the composite and caused a significant decrease in the f in MPa (control: 815.4a; T10: 455.7b and T30: 336.0c), E in GPa (control: 213.4a; T10: 155.8b and T30: 134.0c) and relative density in % (control: 99.0a; T10: 94.4c and T30: 96.3b) of the Y:TZP/TiO2 composite. The presence of 30% titania caused substantial increase in m and PR. Biomimetic coating resulted in the formation of apatite globules heterogeneously distributed on the surface of the material and this treatment did not significantly alter the f and m of the composite (Table 1). Conclusions: The Y:TZP/TiO2 composite coated with a layer of CaP has great potential to be used as implant material. Properties of the powderwere affected by titania addition. Addition of titania toY:TZP caused an increase in grain size, a significant decrease in f, E and RD. The presence of biomimetic coating did not jeopardize the reliability of Y:TZP/TiO2 composite.

    Palavras-Chave: titanium oxides; composite materials; apatites; dentistry; implants

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  • IPEN-DOC 24482

    ARATA, A. ; PRETTO, L.R. de ; USSUI, V. ; LIMA, N.B. ; FREITAS, A.Z. ; MACHADO, J.P.B.; TANGO, R.N.; SOUZA, G.M. de; LAZAR, D.R.R. . New method for depth analysis of Y-TZP t-m phase transformation. Dental Materials, v. 33, suppl. 1, p. e6-e6, 2017. DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.08.009

    Abstract: Purpose/aim: The aim of this studywas to validate the optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a nondestructive method of analysis to evaluate the depth of tetragonal to monoclinic (t-m) transformed zone and to calculate the kinetics of phase transformation of a monolithic Y-TZP after hydrothermal aging. Specifically, to compare the activation energy of t-m transformation calculated by the depth of the transformed zone using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and OCT. Materials and methods: Fully sintered (1450 ◦C/2 h) discs of dentalY-TZP (LAVAPLUS, 3M-ESPE)were aged in hydrothermal pressurized reactor to follow the phase transformation kinetics at 120 to 150 ◦C. Four samples per aging time were analyzed by OCT (OCP930SR, Thorlabs Inc.), = 930 nm, spectral bandwidth (FWHM) of 100 nm, nominal resolution of 6 m (lateral and axial) in air, declared digital resolution 3.09 m (axial). Three areas of 3mm (lateral) were observed to calculate the phase transformation depth (Image J). X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) were performed, Cu-K , 20◦ to 80◦, 2 . The data were refined using the Rietveld method (GSAS). The transversal section of one specimen of each group was submitted to backscattered SEM analysis to calculate the phase transformation depth (Image J). The speed of the transformation zone front was determined plotting the phase transformation depth versus aging time. Results: XRD results indicated that Y-TZP that 66% is the maximum value of monoclinic phase concentration for all aged Y-TZP. The activation energy for the monolithic Y-TZP was 107.53 kJ/mol. One year and 5 years of hydrothermal aging at 37 ◦C will present approximately 4.21% and 15% of monoclinic phase, respectively. The comparison of the depth of the transformed zone using SEM and OCT were similar, showing a linear behavior and providing information that the opaque layer observed by OCT is related to the depth of the transformed zone (Fig. 1), any difference among the results could be a result of the refraction index correction. The energy of activation calculated by SEM and OCT were 114 kJ/mol and 100 kJ/mol, respectively. The speed calculated for the phase transformation into the bulk of the transformed zone estimated for 37 ◦C was 0.04 m/year (SEM) and 0.16 m/year (OCT). Conclusions: The results indicate that activation energy values determined by SEM and OCT observations were similar allowing the use of the OCT as a tool for monolithic Y-TZP t-m phase transformation kinetic evaluation. Moreover, OCT method has the advantage of a shorter analysis time, without the need of sample preparation steps.

    Palavras-Chave: crystal-phase transformations; tomography; optical modes; coherence length; scanning electron microscopy; measuring methods

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  • IPEN-DOC 24250

    SILVA, L.H.; LAZAR, D.R.R. ; USSUI, V. ; YOSHITO, W.K. ; TANGO, R.N.; BELLI, R.; LOHBAUER, U.; CESAR, P.F.. Fatigue limit of Y-TZP reinforced with carbon nanotubes. Dental Materials, v. 33, suppl. 1, p. e19-e19, 2017. DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.08.036

    Abstract: Purpose/aim: To compare the Cyclic Fatigue Limit (CFL) of a control yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia pollycristal (Y-TZP) with a composite produced by adding multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) into Y-TZP. Materials and methods: CNT were coated with zirconium oxide and yttrium oxide to form a powder (CNT/ZYO) using a hydrothermal co-precipitation method. Powders made of Y-TZP + (CNT/ZYO) were produced using 99 vol% of Y-TZP and 1 vol% of CNT/ZYO. CAD-CAM blocks (42.5×16.0×16.0mm) were obtained by uniaxial pressing (67MPa/30 s) of each powder in a steel matrix. These blocks were partially sintered at argon atmosphere (1100 ◦C/1 h/5 ◦C/s) and then sectioned to produce 14 bar-shaped specimens (3.0×4.0×25.0mm/edges chamfered according to ISO6872:2008) of each material, which were sintered also in argon atmosphere (1.400 ◦C/4 h/5 ◦C/min). Density measured by Archimedes’ method was used to calculate the relative density (RD), based on the theoretical values for both materials (6.06 g/cm3). Flexural strength (FS) was measured in four-point bending with specimens immersed in water at 37 ◦C (inner and outer supports of 10 and 20 mm). CFL was determined in four-point bending, using the staircase method (10,000 cycles/5 Hz). In each cycle, the stress varied between the maximum stress (MS) and 50% of MS. The applied stress in the first specimen was 50% of FS. After 10,000 cycles, in case the specimen did not fracture, 10MPa was added to the next specimen. RD and FS were analyzed by Student’s t test (alpha = 5%). CFL was calculated according to: CLF =X0+d(SUMini/SUMni±0.5), where X0 is the lowest stress value tested, d is the stress added or subtracted to each cycle and n is the number specimens that survived or failed in each stress level. The lowest stress level was computed as i = 0, and the next one was computed as i=1, and so on. Fracture surfaces were fractographically analyzed. Results: Specimens containing nanotubes showed significantly lower RD compared to the control (p = 0.009). Nanotube addition also caused a 50% significant decrease in FS (p = 0.003). However, the FS coefficient of variation for the control was higher (17%) compared to that of the composite (10%). CFL calculated for the control was 2.5 times higher than that of the composite. The %CFL (CFL in terms of percentage of the FS) was also higher for the control. Fractography indicated fracture origins associated to surface defects and porous regions related to nanotube agglomerates. Conclusions: The processing method used to produce the composite Y-TZP/nanotubes needs to be improved since nanotube addition to Y-TZP caused a significant reduction of the relative density, strength and fatigue limit.

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  • IPEN-DOC 24227

    ZEZELL, DENISE M. . Biofotônica e lasers levando luz para doenças / Biophotonics and lasers shining light into diseases. Brazilian Dental Science, v. 20, n. 4, 2017. DOI: 10.14295/bds.2017.v20i4.1530

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  • IPEN-DOC 23458

    ROSTELATO, MARIA E. ; SOUZA, CARLA D. ; ZEITUNI, CARLOS A. ; MOURA, JOAO A. ; MARQUES, JOSE R.O. ; COSTA, OSVALDO L. ; FEHER, ANSELMO ; RODRIGUES, BRUNA T. ; SOUZA, DAIANE C.B. de ; PELEIAS JUNIOR, FERNANDO S. ; SORGATTI, ANDERSON ; MOSCA, RODRIGO ; MOURA, EDUARDO S. de ; ABREU, RODRIGO T. ; SOUZA, RAQUEL V. DE ; NOGUEIRA, BEATRIZ R. . Brazil radioactive sources production for cancer treatment. Medical Physics International, v. 4, n. 2, p. 237-237, 2016.

    Abstract: The modality, known as brachytherapy, was performed in Brazil by only a hand full of hospitals at an extremely high cost. For producing new sources, five major areas must be considered: 1) source production: nuclear activation and/or radiochemical reaction; 2) welding; 3) Quality control: leakage tests; 4) Dosimetry and metrology; 5) Operational procedures; 6) validation studies. To perform all steps, a multidisciplinary team works together to overcome difficulties. - Iridium-192 pellets: In Brazil there are 140 machines with pellets that replacement every 5 years. Our new production line has assembly, welding and quality control hot cells. - Iridium-192 wires: Produced since 1999. The wire is activated at IPENs IEA-R1 reactor for 30 hours with 5x1013 n/cm-2.s-1 neutron flux resulting in 192 mCi maximum activity. - Iridium-192 seed: New seed for ophthalmic cancer treatment. The irradiation device presented 90% activity homogeneity. We are still testing in-vivo. - Iodine-125 seeds: Largely used in low dose brachytherapy. I-125 binding yield achieved with our new reaction was 80%; Laser welding presented 70% efficiency. Approved in all leakage tests. - Other ongoing projects: Veterinary brachytherapy, Waste management, Radionecrosis healing with laser, calibrations sources production, linear accelerator calculations for hospitals, sources with polymeric matrix Our Iodine-125 seeds will be available in 2018. All other projects are advancing. We will continue to develop new products hoping to help the Brazilian population fight against cancer. For producing new sources, five major areas must be considered: 1) source production: nuclear activation and/or radiochemical reaction; 2) welding; 3) Quality control:eakage tests; 4) Dosimetry and metrology; 5) Operational procedures; 6) validation studies. To perform all steps, a multidisciplinary team works together to overcome difficulties

    Palavras-Chave: irradiation devices; ionizing radiations; brachytherapy; neoplasms; iodine 125; iridium 192; radiation sources; brazil

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  • IPEN-DOC 23322

    MARTINI, G.A. ; VIVEIROS, W.; QUINAGLIA, G.; FERREIRA, M.L.; ROGERO, S.O. ; ROGERO, J.R. . Blyes and fet: a preliminary understanding between effects and total estrogenic activity on surface waters. Applied Research in Toxicology, v. 2, suppl. 1, p. 43-43, 2017.

    Abstract: Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are included in a range of substances and are present in practically all environmental matrices, generally at low concentrations. For the occurrence evaluation of these substances, several in vitro tests are employed, among of them Bioluminescent Yeast Estrogen Screening (BLYES), which measures the total estrogenic activity in EEQ. However, this assay is not able to provide information about adverse effects to aquatic organisms. In order to observe aquatic communities effects, organic extracts of surface water samples from rivers and reservoirs of São Paulo state with results above the detection limit in BLYES (> 0.1 EEQ) were performed with embryonic assays with Danio rerio. The methodology was conducted according OECD 236, to verify acute effects such as: absence of heart beats, absence of somites, no tail detachment and coagulated embryo. Embryonic malformations were evaluated, such as: reduction of organism size, cardiac and vitelline edema, spine curvature and reduction of heart beating, which are characteristics of chronic effects. Among the 21 tested samples, 24% showed acute effects for Danio rerio and 14%, chronic effects. The effects observed probably would be associated with EDCs and/or other contaminants that may bind to the receptor in BLYES assay. The information obtained by embryonic assay with Danio rerio was suitable to show the effects of these groups of contaminants of the organic extracts and would complement the BLYES response. Accomplishing tests to evaluate effects on embryo reproductive system to establish a correlation between estrogenic activity and acute and chronic effects observed on FET is necessary.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23321

    MAEHATA, P. ; SEO, E.S.M. ; COTRIM, M.E.B. . Heavy metals presence in lipsticks: investigation of health impacts and their disposal in the environment. Applied Research in Toxicology, v. 2, suppl. 1, p. 57-57, 2017.

    Abstract: Lip cosmetics are involved in two major discussions: the public health and environmental problems. From this information, we intend to analyze the impact on human health, study the relationship among price, duration and color and investigate what are the possible impacts on the environment, assuming some waste disposal routes. The cosmetics analyzed were lipsticks, divided by brand, price and color. The first analysis was by x-ray fluorescence (XRF). Then, the raw material went through digestion with nitric and hydrochloric acids under heating, and diluted with distilled water, then filtered. The following readings were performed by optical emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-OES). From the results of the analysis by XRF (found 18 metal elements), the matrix for analysis by ICP-OES is composed of: aluminum, calcium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, potassium, manganese, nickel, lead, silicon and titanium. Toxic metals have been identified (Ni, Mn, Cd and Cr) in the samples. Although the examined lipsticks showed positive for toxic metals (Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr and Mn), their levels comply with national legislation, regard to limits for cosmetics and foods. However, it is important to note that the cosmetic and food laws have great differences in the limits for heavy metals. The study of disposal for lipsticks showed that even lipsticks that are most used, there is a waste of nearly 1/3 of the product due to the inner package. This information may help in a conscious consumption of lipsticks, including the risk associated with the use of a set of makeups (foundation, eyeshadows, mascara, blush and lipstick) with other cosmetics.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23320

    CAVALCANTE, A.K. ; DAMASCENO, K.C. ; MAZIERO, J.S. ; MARTINI, G.A. ; ORMENIO, M.B. ; MAMEDE, F.C.S. ; MIRANDA, C.S. ; IZIDORO, J.C. ; CAMPELLO, F.A. ; FUNGARO, D.A. ; ROGERO, S.O. ; ROGERO, J.R. . Ecotoxicity evaluation of Coal Fly ash to Daphnia similis and Danio rerio. Applied Research in Toxicology, v. 2, suppl. 1, p. 48-48, 2017.

    Abstract: Coal Fly ash is a major solid waste from coal-fired power stations. In Brazil, more than 4 million tons per year of fly ash are generated with a tendency to increase every year. Only 30% of fly ash is applied as raw material for cement and concrete production. The remaining is disposed in onsite ponds, nearby abandoned or active mine sites, or landfills. The inadequate disposal of fly ash may pose a significant risk to the environment due to the possible leaching of hazardous pollutants into the surrounding soil and groundwater. A combination of leaching tests and ecotoxicological analyses were used in this work for the evaluation of the adverse effects of coal fly in non-target organisms. Ashes were collected from coal-fired power plant located in South of Brazil. Acute toxicity tests were performed with Danio rerio embryos and Daphnia similis, according to OECD 236 and ABNT NBR 12713, respectively. Coal fly ash sample was subjected to a leaching procedure using USEPA SW 864 Method 1311. The leachate was prepared in seven dilutions: 1.56%, 3.12%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%. The assays were performed in triplicates and the results showed lethality of Danio rerio after 96 hours of exposure to the leachate, and the calculated LC50 was 4.39%. The ecotoxicity tests with Daphnia similis, observed immobility after 48 hours of exposure to the leachate, and EC50 calculated was 7.25%. The results of these tests indicate toxicity of the coal fly ash leachate toward exposed organisms.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23319

    MARTINI, G.A. ; FRANÇA, D.D.; SOARES, W.A.A.; TAKEDA, S.H.K.; QUINAGLIA, G.A.; SATO, M.I.Z.; ROGERO, J.R. . Four years of estrogenic activity assessment in surface waters of São Paulo State, Brazil. Applied Research in Toxicology, v. 2, suppl. 1, p. 32-32, 2017.

    Abstract: Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have the ability to alter the endocrine system of organisms. Such compounds are present in several industrial and domestic activities and reach the aquatic environment via wastewater discharges or agricultural surface runoff. The aim of this study was to determine the overall estrogenic activity of surface waters of São Paulo State, Brazil. For this purpose, 10 sites from the routine Surface Water Quality Program of CETESB were selected that were already surveyed for physical, chemical and biological variables from 2013 to 2016. Samples were extracted in solid phase and tested for estrogenic activity using bioluminescent yeast estrogen assay (BLYES). Results were expressed in 17-estradiol equivalent quotient (EEQ). Estrogenic activity was below the limit of quantification (0.1 EEQ) in 31.7% of 227 samples. All sites presented estrogenic activity at least once. The results have shown the presence of estrogenic activity in a range from 0.11 to 26.6 EEQ in the sampling sites in four years of study. Statistical analysis showed a positive correlation between estrogenic activity and the biochemical oxygen demand performed in the samples, indicating that this activity detected in most sites is related to wastewater discharges. Due to the presence of estrogenicity higher than 5.0 EEQ in a few sampling sites, further chemical analyses and other bioassays are recommended in order to provide a better understanding of the estrogenic activity present at these sites.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23233

    SILVA, TAMIRES; ALVARENGA, LETICIA; LEAL, CINTIA; MIRANDA, BIANCA G.; SUZUKI, LUIZ C.; KATO, ILKA ; RIBEIRO, MARTHA ; PAVANI, CHRISTIANE; PRATES, RENATO . Incorporation of the methylene blue photosensitizer in the presence of glucose in strains of candida albicans with multidrug efflux systems. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, v. 49, n. 4, p. 438-438, 2017.

    Abstract: Background: Infectious diseases are responsible for 60% of deaths in developing countries.Candida albicans cause severe infection in immunocompromised patients and the commonly used treatments have not been effective against microbial resistance. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new promising strategy to microbial inactivation based on the use of photosensitizer (PS) in the presence of oxygen and activation by light to form reactive oxygen species.C.albicanshas glucose sensors which could facilitate the entrance of the PS. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of glucose in the photodynamic inactivation of C. albicans. Study: C. albicans ATCC 10231, YEM 12, YEM 13, YEM 14, and YEM15were aerobically grown on Sabouraud agar and incubated at 308C for 24 hours. Microbial inoculants were divided into 4 groups with and without glucose: Control; Only irradiation; PS toxicity and PDT groups with three irradiation times.After going throughthe treatments, the colony-forming units were counted and the data were subjected to statistical analysis (ANOVA) and Tukey test. To measure the concentration ofMB, fluorescence spectroscopy and flow cytometry were used. Results: We observed that yeast with overexpression of Major Facilitator Superfamily membrane pore tend to accumulate more MB in its cytoplasm, whereas strains that overexpress ABC pumps demonstrated the greater survival against the photodynamic challenge. Conclusion: PDT is an efficient strategy against C. albicans and the presence of glucose can intervene in the photodynamic effect. The presence of MB in the intracellular region of the yeast predisposes to greater photodynamic inactivation, however, its germicidal capacity is related to the type and characteristics of the microbial.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23128

    LEAL, CINTIA; ALVARENGA, LETICIA; SILVA, TAMIRES; BUSSADORI, SANDRA; KATO, ILKA; RIBEIRO, MARTHA ; PRATES, RENATO. Application of photodynamic therapy with led and methylene blue in streptococcus mutans in the presence of glucose- in vitro study. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, v. 49, n. S28, p. 47-47, 2017. DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22650

    Abstract: Background: Streptococcus mutans is a microorganism associated with tooth decay; many genes that express adhesion, biofilm formation, extracellular polysaccharide, carbohydrate uptake and acid tolerance regulate its cariogenic properties. S. mutans inhabits a complex biofilm and it produces a large amount of exopolysaccharides to promote adhesion and enabling transport pumps. Photodynamic therapy involves the use of a photosensitizer (PS), which is absorbed by specific cells followed by irradiation with visible light, resulting in cell death. The aim of this study was to investigate antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on Streptococcus mutans in the presence of glucose. Study: Streptococcus mutans was grown in brain heart infusion (BHI) at 37 8C for 48 h. Inocula were prepared with pure colonies, which were suspended in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) with and without 50mM glucose. One-hundred micromolar methylene blue was used as photosensitizer and the experiments were performed with groups (control, irradiated with LED, FS without irradiation, and PDT 30, 60, and 120 s). Colony form units were counted and statistically analyzed (oneway ANOVA and Tukey 5%). Results: The irradiation as well as the photosensitizer in the dark did not cause cell death. In contrast, in experiments without glucose, PDT caused cell death proportional the amount of light used. The more light, the higher the inactivation of S. mutans and after 2 min a reduction of 7 orders of magnitude (100%) was observed. In experiments with glucose cell death was observed even increasing the radiant exposure. Conclusion: We concluded that PDT is a viable solution for inactivation of S. mutans in suspension, and that the presence of glucose activates efflux pumps in the bacterial cell wall, and it drastically reduces the effect of PDT.

    Palavras-Chave: bacteria; caries; sensitizers; photosensitivity

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  • IPEN-DOC 23127

    SOUZA, C.D. de ; ROSTELATO, M.C.M. ; ZEITUNI, C. ; COSTA, O. da ; RODRIGUES, B.T. ; GONZALEZ, A.C. ; MARQUES, J. de O. . Experiment to access Iodine-125 leakage in different vials. Medical Physics, v. 44, n. 6, p. 3146-3146, 2017.

    Abstract: Purpose: There are several challenges when developing a laboratory to produce radioactive sources. From choosing a prototype to radiation safety, the task is enormous. During the past 15 years, our research group is developing a laboratory to produce iodine-125 seed. These seeds are placed inside the cancer and release radiation directly in the target. The whole production line is full of new process and innovations. Among those, a new chemical reaction that deposit iodine-125 onto silver (core) was developed. This paper presents a comparison between vials in order to access their capability to retain radioactive iodine. Also, the fixation percentage in a silver core was taken into account. This information will be used to select a vial to be implemented at the iodine-125 sources manufacture laboratory. Methods: Vials made with polymers and glass was tested. Iodine-125 were placed in the vials overnight at rt. Seven vials with different materials (glass, dark glass, and plastics) were evaluated. Results: The selected vial (borosilicate glass 1 mL total volume) loss 17.61% of iodine in 24 hours and presented the highest iodine intake. It was noticeable that the vial material influenced both iodine intake and iodine loss. The goal is to maximize the reaction yield to result in a less costly product. Conclusion: We have selected the best vial for our reaction in regards to leakage and yield.

    Palavras-Chave: iodine 125; leak detectors; silver; borosilicate glass

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  • IPEN-DOC 23118

    STEFFENS, D.; MATHOR, M.B. ; SOSTER, P.; VERGANI, G.; LUCO, D.P. ; PRANKE, P.. Laminin-based skin substitutes in a burn animal model. In: TERMIS - AMERICAS CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION, Tissue Engineering Part A, v. 22, 1, December 11-14, 2016, San Diego, CA. Abstract... p. S-80 - S-80, 2016.

    Abstract: Available treatments for skin regeneration are insufficient for promoting healing. The current study has aimed to produce a cutaneous substitute uniting mesenchymal stem cells, keratinocytes, and a PDLLA biomaterial constructed by electrospinning to use in nude mice. Six groups were tested: (1) only PDLLA; (2) only PDLLA/Lam, a hydrolyzed scaffold with the binding of laminin; (3) PDLLA with cells; (4) PDLLA/Lam with cells (n = 6/group) and (5) animals injured without scaffolds (lesion control group) and (6) healthy control group (n = 4/group). All the animals had 1 cm2 defect performed on their backs, removing all the skin. The biomaterials( or scaffolds) were implanted in the mice for up to 9 days. Part of the defect was taken for histology and another for gene expression. Group 2 presented the best appearance with the softest wound. Gene expression analysis showed a considerable increase of TGFb1 expression, increased VEGF and balance of the BAX/ Bcl-2 ratio for the biomaterial groups when compared to the lesion group. Histological analysis showed well-formed tissue in the groups where the biomaterials and biomaterials plus cells were used. In some animals, in which biomaterials and cells were used, the epidermis was formed throughout the length of the wound. In conclusion, these biomaterials are capable of providing support for the growth of cells, indicating that they can be suitable biomaterials for use in tissue engineering.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23029

    BELINATO, W.; SANTOS, W.S. ; CALDAS, L.V.E. ; NEVES, L.P.; SOUZA, D.N.. Dosimetria de pacientes adultos submetidos a exames de PET/CT. Anais da SBBN, v. 3, p. 40-40, 2016.

    Abstract: Introdução: A tomografia por emissão de pósitrons (PET) associada à tomografia computadorizada (CT), chamada PET/CT, é uma técnica diagnóstica que auxilia na determinação precisa de regiões tumorais nos pacientes. É possível determinar as doses absorvidas em adultos submetidos a exames de PET/CT por meio de simulações computacionais realizadas com o método de Monte Carlo. Dessa maneira, utilizamos o código de Monte Carlo MCNPX para realizar este estudo, como também informações contidas na ICRP 103 e ICRP 106, tanto para a técnica de PET quanto para a técnica de CT. Objetivos: O objetivo deste trabalho é, utilizando o código MCNPX, estudar as doses efetivas a partir da determinação das doses absorvidas em órgãos internos dos pacientes em decorrência de exames de PET/CT. Para isso, foram empregados simuladores antropomórficos computacionais com representação dos órgãos e estruturas internas realistas de pacientes adultos incorporados em cenários de radiação de dois equipamentos PET/CT, modelos Discovery VCT (GE) e Biograph(Siemens). Métodos: Para a determinação das doses devido ao exame de PET, o radionuclídelo18F-FDG foi distribuído uniformemente em 23 órgãos internos dos simuladores adultos e, por meio do Código MCNPX, os valores das doses absorvidas por atividade injetada no paciente determinadas. As doses absorvidas devido ao exame de CT foram simuladas após a determinação dos filtros gravata-borboleta, construídos para cada um dois equipamentos. Por fim, apresentamos a dose efetiva devido ao procedimento de PET/CT considerando parâmetros comumente utilizados em exames de pacientes adultos. Resultados: As doses efetivas estimadas nos simuladores computacionais antropomórficos adultos devido à CT são responsáveis por 14,2% e 26,3% nos equipamentos GE e Siemens, respectivamente, para um exame de PET/CT em adulto. Devido ao 18F-FDG, os coeficientes de dose para dose absorvida apresentaram um acréscimo de 30% em relação aos valores da ICRP 106. As doses efetivas para o exame de PET/CT variam com a atividade injetada no paciente e os parâmetros utilizados na tomografia. Considerando uma atividade de 370 MBqde 18F-FDG e os parâmetros 140 kVp-140 mAspara o tomógrafo GE e 130 kVp-120 mAspara o Siemens, a dose efetiva total de PET/CT foi de 8,73 mSve 11,69 mSvconsiderando-se o exame realizado em equipamento da GE e 10,37 e 13,34 mSvno equipamento Siemens para os simuladores masculino e feminino, respectivamente. A atuação do recurso Caredose 4D, reduzindo 66% do mAsda Siemens, faria com que as doses da tomografia fossem idênticas às avaliadas considerando-se o exame no equipamento da GE. Conclusão: A determinação das doses absorvidas devido ao feixe de CT e também por atividade de radiofármacoadministrada no paciente possibilita o cálculo da dose efetiva total em procedimento de PET/CT, considerando as informações contidas na ICRP 103 e ICRP 106. As doses efetivas estimadas em adultos devido ao feixe de raios X são responsáveis por 14,2% e 26,3% da dose efetiva total em um exame realizados no equipamento PET/CT GE e Siemens, respectivamente. Considerando as doses efetivas devido ao 18F-FDG, os coeficientes por atividade administrada apresentaram um acréscimo de 30% em relação aos valores da ICRP 106. Em pacientes individuais, a dose efetiva pode ser estimada a partir dos parâmetros utilizados na tomografia e dos valores de atividade de radiofármacoinjetada para a aquisição das imagens de PET.

    Palavras-Chave: absorbed radiation doses; dosimetry; equivalent radiation doses; fluorine 18; fluorodeoxyglucose; monte carlo method; phantoms; positron computed tomography

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  • IPEN-DOC 21321

    GOTARDO, A.T.; LIPPI, L.L.; VIOLIN, K.B. ; GORNIAK, S.L.. Effects of ipomoea carnea in pla-cental tissue. Evaluation in rodents and ruminants. Applied Research in Toxicology, v. 1, 1, p. 122-122, 2015.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23864

    TYTGAT, JAN; PEIGNEUR, STEVE; BELATO Y ORTS, DIEGO J.; SILVA, ALVARO P. da; OGUIURA, NANCY; BONI-MITAKE, MALVINA ; ZAHARENKO, ANDRE J.. Crotamine toxicity revisited: novel insights based on KV channel inhibition. Biophysical Journal, v. 102, n. 3, supl. 1, p. 658A - 658A, 2012.

    Abstract: Crotamine, a 5KDa peptide possesses a unique biological versatility. Not only its cell-penetrating activity has become of clinical interest but moreover, its potential selective anti-tumor activity is of great pharmacological importance. Before, several studies have attempted to elucidate the exact molecular target responsible for the crotamine-induced skeletal muscle spasm. The aim of this study was to investigate whether crotamine affects voltage-gated potassium (KV) channels in an effort to explain its in vivo effects. Crotamine was studied on ion channel function using the two-electrode voltage clamp technique on 16 cloned ion channels (12 KV channels and 4 NaV channels), expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Crotamine selectively inhibits KV1.1, KV1.2 and KV1.3 channels with an IC50 of ~300 nM and the key amino acids responsible for this molecular interaction are highlighted. Our results demonstrate for the first time that the symptoms which are observed in the typical crotamine syndrome may result from the inhibition of KV channels. The ability of crotamine to inhibit the potassium current through KV channels unravels it as the first snake peptide with the unique multifunctionality such as cell penetrating, antitumoral activity and KV channel inhibiting properties. The potent and selective KV channel inhibiting properties, as demonstrated in this work, can be an advantage for the use of crotamine or its derivatives as antitumor drug. This new property of crotamine might explain some experimental observations and opens new perspectives of pharmacological uses.

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  • IPEN-DOC 23997

    PIRES, NATALIA S.M.; DANTAS, ANDREA T.; DUARTE, ANGELA L.B.P.; AMARAL, MARCELLO M. ; FERNANDES, LUANA O.; DIAS, TEREZA J.C.; MELO, LUCIANA S.A. de; GOMES, ANDERSON S.L.. Optical coherence tomography as a method for quantitative skin evaluation in systemic sclerosis. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, v. 77, n. 03, p. 465-466, 2018. DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210875

    Palavras-Chave: rheumatic diseases; diagnostic techniques; optics; tomography; skin; fibrosis

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  • IPEN-DOC 23687

    MONTEIRO, K.N.; CORREIA, Y.P.; GENOVA, L.A. ; CESAR, P.F.. Effect of shade and ageing on strength of translucent Y-TZP. Dental Materials, v. 32, suppl. 1, p. e9-e10, 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.08.019

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  • IPEN-DOC 23686

    BOARO, L.; CAMPOS, L.M. ; VARCA, G.H.C. ; MARQUES, P.A.; PIMENTEL, A.C.; ROMAN-TORRES, C.V.; BRANDT, W.C.; COGO-MULLER, K.; BRAGA, R.R.; PARRA, D.F. . BisGMA/TEGDMA based material with antibacterial activity. Dental Materials, v. 32, suppl. 1, p. e8-e9, 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.08.016

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  • IPEN-DOC 23656

    ARAUJO, JOAO V. de S.; COSTA, ISOLDA . Influência dos tratamentos T851 e T3 na resistência à corrosão da liga AA2198. Boletim Técnico da FATEC-SP, p. 43, 2016.

    Observação: Resumos do SICT-2016

    Palavras-Chave: aluminium alloys; lithium alloys; corrosion; corrosion resistance; copper alloys; intermetallic compounds

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  • IPEN-DOC 23549

    ARATA, A. ; PRETTO, L.R. de ; USSUI, V. ; LIMA, N.B. ; FREITAS, A.Z. ; MACHADO, J.P.B.; TANGO, R.N.; SOUZA, G.M.D. de; LAZAR, D.R.R. . Y-TZP low temperature degradation: a sigmoidal or a linear behavior?. Dental Materials, v. 32, 1, p. e99-e99, 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.08.208

    Palavras-Chave: yttrium oxides; zirconium oxides; aging; hydrothermal systems; temperature dependence; x-ray diffraction

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  • IPEN-DOC 22633

    GALLETTA, VIVIAN C. ; CAMPOS, MARCIA S.; HIROTA, SILVIO K.; MIGLIARI, DANTE A.. Candidose hiperplásica em palato desenvolvida por contato à glossite romboide mediana / Hyperplastic candidosis on the palate developed as a “kissing” lesion from median rhomboid glossitis. Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, v. 76, n. 1, p. 137, 2010.

    Palavras-Chave: candida; clinical trials; diagnosis; tongue; oral cavity; diseases

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  • IPEN-DOC 22502

    VILLIBOR, FERNANDA F.; GUILHEN, SABINE N. ; DANTAS, ELIZABETH S.K. ; PIRES, MARIA A.F. . Metodologia de liofilização de urina para determinação de mercúrio inorgânico. Jornal de Odontologia da FACIT, v. 2, n. 2, p. 28, 2015.

    Palavras-Chave: lyophilization; urine; mercury; clinical trials; personnel; dentistry; toxicity; absorption spectroscopy; comparative evaluations; chemical analysis

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  • IPEN-DOC 22457

    AZEVEDO, LUCIANE H.; RIBEIRO, MARTHA S. ; EDUARDO, CARLOS de P.. Laser panorama in dentistry in the international year of light / Panorama do laser em odontologia no ano internacional da luz. Brazilian Dental Science, v. 18, n. 4, p. 3, 2015.

    Palavras-Chave: lasers; dentistry; uses; therapy

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  • IPEN-DOC 22452

    RIBEIRO, DANIEL; YAMAMURA, HIROSHI; SILVA, VICTOR; USSUI, VALTER ; LAZAR, DOLORES ; ROSSO, VERIDIANA; RENNO, ANA C.. Biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite derived from whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri). Bone Abstracts, v. 5, p. 48, 2016.

    Palavras-Chave: toxicity; compatibility; apatites; powders; fishes; in vivo; animals; histological techniques

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  • IPEN-DOC 22393

    SILVA, TAMIRES O.; SUZUKI, LUIS; KATO, ILKA ; DEANA, ALESSANDRO; RIBEIRO, MARTHA ; PRATES, RENATO . In vitro effect photodynamic therapy with LED and methylene blue on Candida albicans pretreated with glucose. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, v. 48, Suppl. 27, p. 53-54, 2016.

    Palavras-Chave: in vitro; therapy; candida; light emitting diodes; methylene blue; glucose; irradiation; biological effects

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  • IPEN-DOC 22394

    PRATES, RENATO ; SANTOS, CAMILA; ARANHA CHAVES, VICTOR; RIBEIRO, MARTHA ; KATO, ILKA . Ultrastructural changes following antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on Candida albicans. Lasers in Surgery and Medicine, v. 48, n. 4, p. 457-458, 2016.

    Palavras-Chave: ultrastructural changes; therapy; candida; transmission electron microscopy; evaluation; methylene blue; cell constituents

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A pesquisa no RD utiliza os recursos de busca da maioria das bases de dados. No entanto algumas dicas podem auxiliar para obter um resultado mais pertinente.

✔ É possível efetuar a busca de um autor ou um termo em todo o RD, por meio do Buscar no Repositório , isto é, o termo solicitado será localizado em qualquer campo do RD. No entanto esse tipo de pesquisa não é recomendada a não ser que se deseje um resultado amplo e generalizado.

✔ A pesquisa apresentará melhor resultado selecionando um dos filtros disponíveis em Navegar

✔ Os filtros disponíveis em Navegar tais como: Coleções, Ano de publicação, Títulos, Assuntos, Autores, Revista, Tipo de publicação são autoexplicativos. O filtro, Autores IPEN apresenta uma relação com os autores vinculados ao IPEN; o ID Autor IPEN diz respeito ao número único de identificação de cada autor constante no RD e sob o qual estão agrupados todos os seus trabalhos independente das variáveis do seu nome; Tipo de acesso diz respeito à acessibilidade do documento, isto é , sujeito as leis de direitos autorais, ID RT apresenta a relação dos relatórios técnicos, restritos para consulta das comunidades indicadas.

A opção Busca avançada utiliza os conectores da lógica boleana, é o melhor recurso para combinar chaves de busca e obter documentos relevantes à sua pesquisa, utilize os filtros apresentados na caixa de seleção para refinar o resultado de busca. Pode-se adicionar vários filtros a uma mesma busca.

Exemplo:

Buscar os artigos apresentados em um evento internacional de 2015, sobre loss of coolant, do autor Maprelian.

Autor: Maprelian

Título: loss of coolant

Tipo de publicação: Texto completo de evento

Ano de publicação: 2015

✔ Para indexação dos documentos é utilizado o Thesaurus do INIS, especializado na área nuclear e utilizado em todos os países membros da International Atomic Energy Agency – IAEA , por esse motivo, utilize os termos de busca de assunto em inglês; isto não exclui a busca livre por palavras, apenas o resultado pode não ser tão relevante ou pertinente.

✔ 95% do RD apresenta o texto completo do documento com livre acesso, para aqueles que apresentam o significa que e o documento está sujeito as leis de direitos autorais, solicita-se nesses casos contatar a Biblioteca do IPEN, bibl@ipen.br .

✔ Ao efetuar a busca por um autor o RD apresentará uma relação de todos os trabalhos depositados no RD. No lado direito da tela são apresentados os coautores com o número de trabalhos produzidos em conjunto bem como os assuntos abordados e os respectivos anos de publicação agrupados.

✔ O RD disponibiliza um quadro estatístico de produtividade, onde é possível visualizar o número dos trabalhos agrupados por tipo de coleção, a medida que estão sendo depositados no RD.

✔ Na página inicial nas referências são sinalizados todos os autores IPEN, ao clicar nesse símbolo será aberta uma nova página correspondente à aquele autor – trata-se da página do pesquisador.

✔ Na página do pesquisador, é possível verificar, as variações do nome, a relação de todos os trabalhos com texto completo bem como um quadro resumo numérico; há links para o Currículo Lattes e o Google Acadêmico ( quando esse for informado).

ATENÇÃO!

ESTE TEXTO "AJUDA" ESTÁ SUJEITO A ATUALIZAÇÕES CONSTANTES, A MEDIDA QUE NOVAS FUNCIONALIDADES E RECURSOS DE BUSCA FOREM SENDO DESENVOLVIDOS PELAS EQUIPES DA BIBLIOTECA E DA INFORMÁTICA.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

1. Portaria IPEN-CNEN/SP nº 387, que estabeleceu os princípios que nortearam a criação do RDI, clique aqui.


2. A experiência do Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN-CNEN/SP) na criação de um Repositório Digital Institucional – RDI, clique aqui.

O Repositório Digital do IPEN é um equipamento institucional de acesso aberto, criado com o objetivo de reunir, preservar, disponibilizar e conferir maior visibilidade à Produção Científica publicada pelo Instituto, desde sua criação em 1956.

Operando, inicialmente como uma base de dados referencial o Repositório foi disponibilizado na atual plataforma, em junho de 2015. No Repositório está disponível o acesso ao conteúdo digital de artigos de periódicos, eventos, nacionais e internacionais, livros, capítulos, dissertações, teses e relatórios técnicos.

A elaboração do projeto do RI do IPEN foi iniciado em novembro de 2013, colocado em operação interna em julho de 2014 e disponibilizado na Internet em junho de 2015. Utiliza o software livre Dspace, desenvolvido pelo Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Para descrição dos metadados adota o padrão Dublin Core. É compatível com o Protocolo de Arquivos Abertos (OAI) permitindo interoperabilidade com repositórios de âmbito nacional e internacional.

O gerenciamento do Repositório está a cargo da Biblioteca do IPEN. Constam neste RI, até o presente momento 20.950 itens que tanto podem ser artigos de periódicos ou de eventos nacionais e internacionais, dissertações e teses, livros, capítulo de livros e relatórios técnicos. Para participar do RI-IPEN é necessário que pelo menos um dos autores tenha vínculo acadêmico ou funcional com o Instituto. Nesta primeira etapa de funcionamento do RI, a coleta das publicações é realizada periodicamente pela equipe da Biblioteca do IPEN, extraindo os dados das bases internacionais tais como a Web of Science, Scopus, INIS, SciElo além de verificar o Currículo Lattes. O RI-IPEN apresenta também um aspecto inovador no seu funcionamento. Por meio de metadados específicos ele está vinculado ao sistema de gerenciamento das atividades do Plano Diretor anual do IPEN (SIGEPI). Com o objetivo de fornecer dados numéricos para a elaboração dos indicadores da Produção Cientifica Institucional, disponibiliza uma tabela estatística registrando em tempo real a inserção de novos itens. Foi criado um metadado que contém um número único para cada integrante da comunidade científica do IPEN. Esse metadado se transformou em um filtro que ao ser acionado apresenta todos os trabalhos de um determinado autor independente das variáveis na forma de citação do seu nome.